Animal husbandry – Milkers – Combined
Patent
1990-01-09
1991-05-07
Hirsch, Paul J.
Animal husbandry
Milkers
Combined
119 1417, A01J 500
Patent
active
050127624
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to milking technology and, more specifically, the invention relates to a device for determining the index at individual productivity and feed ration of animals.
To carry out regular and efficient, zootechnical, veterinary and selection work with a dairy farm herd, it is necessary to have some initial information for setting up individual feed rates for animals depending on their productivity. In this case the calculation of individual milk yield from each cow is a labour-consuming intermediate operation for determining a parameter making it possible to evaluate the productivity of each animal by a preset index, which is then used for determining the optimum individual feed rates, mainly concentrated food rations.
The operative setup of an optimum ration of concentrated food depending on the animal productivity is necessary for increasing the milk yield (the genetic potential productivity of each animal is utilized more effectively), taking into account the fact that the cost of milk production at farms is up to 75% of the expenses for such a production. In addition, the control of the feeding procedure requires storage of data files on daily milk yields and feed rations during lactation period. Therefore, in organization of zootechnical, veterinary and selection work at dairy farms, it is important to automate the acquisition and processing of information on each animal and to reduce the amount of manual operations on determining the index of productivity and individual food ration. The type of information submitted should be convenient for its operative use by the farm stock breeders.
(2) Background of the Related Art
Known in the art is an individual milking unit (an advertisement brochure of the Rezenkne Milking Unit Works "Agregat inuividualnogo doeniya AID-1", 1984) having a cylindrical container for collection of milk connected to the milking apparatus.
This device does not allow one to determine the index of individual productivity and feed rations and, therefore, requires additional labour-consuming operations increasing the cost.
Also known in the art is a milking apparatus with digital recording of the milk yield ("Dojarka z cytrowa rejestracia przebiegu dojenia", Maszyny i ciagniki rolnicze, Polska, 1987, 6, part 33, No. 1, pp. 21-23) comprising a cylindrical container for collection of the milk yield communications with a milking apparatus, a float provided inside the container, a rope connected to a counterweight through a drive roller coupled to the axis of a rotary-pulse converter connected to an electronic unit.
After the milking apparatus has been put into operation, the milk from the milking apparatus flows into the cylindrical container and acts on the float which through the rope rotates the drive roller thus actuating the rotary-pulse converter. The latter sends pulses to the electronic recording unit thus recording the individual milk yield from every cow depending on the amount of milk in the container when milking each animal.
This apparatus determines only the traditional parameter - milk yield as a primary parameter taking into account the individual characteristics of each animal, however, it does not provide a possibility of determining the final parameters required for zooveterinary and selection work, i.e. the index of individual productivity and feed ration of the animals, and this restricts the field of its application and requires additional labour consumption.
Furthermore, the milking apparatus has a complex design and makes use of the imperfect contact principle of data recording based on the friction force, e.g. in roller supports and in contact of the float rope with these rollers. This results in errors in the process of determining the milk yield and its digital recording by means of the electronic unit. The absence of a computing unit with a control desk limits the functional possibilities of the apparatus in the process of its preliminary adjustment and monitoring of its readings.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2661122 (1953-12-01), Peterson
patent: 3111113 (1963-11-01), Jaquith
patent: 3841756 (1974-10-01), Grochowicz
patent: 3977362 (1976-08-01), Jaquith
patent: 4231324 (1980-11-01), Schletter
patent: 4348984 (1982-09-01), Brayer
patent: 4513830 (1985-04-01), Persheck et al.
patent: 4745880 (1988-05-01), Kummer
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