Optics: measuring and testing – By polarized light examination – With polariscopes
Patent
1995-01-18
1997-01-28
Gonzalez, Frank
Optics: measuring and testing
By polarized light examination
With polariscopes
356369, 356370, 356238, 356239, 356430, 25055909, 25055911, 25055941, 25055946, G01J 400, G01N 2100, G01N 2184
Patent
active
055982662
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of he Invention
The present invention concerns a device for detecting and for automatically counting defects in fibrous materials.
2. Discussion of the Background
The present invention applies in particular to measuring the amount of sticky sugars in cotton.
Fibrous materials, usually of plant origin, such as paper, cotton and wood are subject to homogeneity defects, inclusion of materials of different maturity and inclusions of materials foreign to the process of obtaining the materials concerned: insects, seeds, sugars, sticky sugars, artificial detritus.
Various devices have been developed for detecting such defects but are neither automatic nor fast in operation.
Where cotton is concerned, the devices known at this time, of the type which heat and cool a carding web disposed between two aluminum sheets, are limited to ocular counting, i.e. counting by the human eye, of spots of sticky sugars on an aluminum sheet.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention intends to remedy this drawback by proposing a fully automatic device which is able to measure various types of defects in fibrous materials, even very fine defects. To detect the defects and the fibers of the material on an artificial support the invention uses combined polarizers on the light source and on an opto-electronic sensor.
The device of the present invention is a device for detecting defects in fibrous materials consisting of elements with an optical singularity, for example sugar particles in cotton, including an opto-electronic sensor adapted to produce signals representative of defects present in an optical field of the sensor, which is connected to image processing means adapted to analyze the signals representative of defects and to count them, characterized in that it includes a transfer film moved in the field of the opto-electronic sensor by feed means and passing in succession under means for pressing the fibrous material onto the transfer film so as to cause to adhere to the latter either defects with no fibers adhering to them or defects with fibers adhering to them, and under means for separating the fibrous material from the film so that the latter enters the field of the sensor carrying only the defects.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following description given by way of non-limiting explanatory example with reference to the appended drawings provides a better understanding of the advantages, objects and features of the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an optical part of the device of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of an optical part of the device of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of an optical part of the device of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of an optical part of the device of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 shows a transfer film 1 onto which have been transferred elements with an optical singularity constituting defects in fibrous materials; the defects 2 have not entrained any fibers with them but the defects 3 (sticky defects) have entrained with them fibers 4 extracted from the fibrous material. The device also includes a light source 5, an opto-electronic sensor 6, image processing means 7 and a display 8.
The transfer film 1 can be of metal, plastics material or an optically absorbent material depending on the type of optical singularity characteristic of the defects looked for and the nature of the fibers in which defects are to be detected. If the defects are sticky sugars in cotton, for example, the transfer film 1 can be of aluminum. If the defects in the cotton are sugar, the film 1 can be of paper or an absorbent material. A third option is for the film 1 to be coloured, i.e. to absorb some light rays for at least one wavelength sensed by the opto-electronic sensor 6. Finally, the material of film 1 can be a combination of the above materials.
The defects 2 without fibers are attached
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Database WPIL Week 8840, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 88-284004 & SU-A-1 382 887 (ALMA) 23 Mar. 1988.
Eisenberg Jason D.
Gonzalez Frank
Le Centre De Cooperation Internationale En Recherche Agronomique
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