Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Reaction motor discharge nozzle with jacketed or hollow...
Patent
1999-03-16
2000-11-21
Freay, Charles G.
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Reaction motor discharge nozzle with jacketed or hollow...
60266, 415175, 165169, B64D 3304
Patent
active
061490741
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a cooling or heating apparatus for a circular housing.
2. Description of the Background
There is currently a widespread need to improve engine outputs. In the aeronautics sector one way of achieving this is to reduce the play between rotor and stator to the minimum, particularly in the region where the free ends of the rotating blades of the rotor meet the housing surfaces facing them. Means to achieve this have already been designed, particularly by varying the diameter of the housing. The commonest procedure consists in imposing thermally-induced dilations or contractions on the outer surface of the housing by blowing gas at the required temperature taken from other sections of the machine in the area opposite the gas exhaust pipe, thereby heating or cooling the housing as required.
It is, however, vital that the temperature of the entire surface of the housing has a high degree of uniformity. A known apparatus consists in fitting two networks of semicircular tubes around the housing such that each network covers one half of the circumference of the housing and is in turn connected to a distribution unit supplied by a pipe connected to each tube of the network at its mid-point. The gas is thus dispersed through the tubes of the network, travelling from the middle of each tube to its end. It leaves the tubes via. apertures directed at the housing. This configuration explains why the tubes are known as "shower collars".
Although it is true that this type of apparatus blows gas more or less uniformly over the entire outer surface of the housing, it nevertheless fails to give it a uniform diameter because the gas heats as it travels through the tubes and may therefore give up more heat on arrival at the ends of the tubes than near to the distributor units. Moreover, the housing gets hotter away from the surfaces near the distributor units and therefore assumes an ovoid shape, the largest diameter of which is located at the surfaces where the network or tubes interconnect.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The apparatus of the invention aims to heat or cool a circular cross-section housing much more uniformly. Like the known apparatus, it comprises a gas distribution network in distributors that connect to networks of tubes surrounding the housing on respective sections of the circumferences. Instead of a distributor being connected to the middle of the tube networks, two distributors are disposed at the ends of the networks, each distributor connecting to a group of tubes of the network concerned. The gas passes through the two groups of tubes in opposite directions; this balances the supply of heat to the circumference, each surface of the housing being subject to a dual supply of gas, the first of which, supplied by one of the network tube groups is as hot as the other, supplied by the other group, is cold.
There are therefore twice as many distributors as networks of tubes, each consecutive pair of tube networks having two adjacent distributors. Under these circumstances, it is advantageous to have a single gas distribution pipe feeding the two distributors of the pairs at the same time, provided the distributors can be connected satisfactorily to the distributors which may be subject to unforeseen displacements due to distortions caused by the heat. They are connected by a sleeve whose ends are in the shape of an open sphere that slides in bushes delimiting the distributors and fitted with end-stops limiting the movement of the sleeve.
The pipes feeding into a pair of distributors are butt-welded to a connection pipe that occupies half their cross-section and extends as far as at least one of the bushes passing through a stop face of the said bush. This pipe penetrates slightly into the wider pipe of the distribution network, collects half the gas flow leaving it and carries this half to the distributor located beyond the connecting bush. The other half of the gas flow leaves the distribution pipe around the connecting bush
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patent: 3218799 (1965-11-01), Lovingham
patent: 4019320 (1977-04-01), Redinger, Jr. et al.
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patent: 4412782 (1983-11-01), Monserrat
patent: 4525998 (1985-07-01), Schwarz
patent: 4643638 (1987-02-01), Laurello
patent: 5399066 (1995-03-01), Ritchie et al.
patent: 6035929 (2000-03-01), Friedel et al.
Friedel Jerome
Lestoille Patrick Didier Michel
Schultz Christophe
Soupizon Jean-Luc
Vache Jean Bernard
Freay Charles G.
Societe Nationale d'Etude et de Construction de Moteurs d'Aviati
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