Heat exchange – With vehicle feature – Heating and cooling
Patent
1995-04-14
1996-08-27
Tapolcai, William E.
Heat exchange
With vehicle feature
Heating and cooling
237 123B, 180 685, 429120, B60H 100
Patent
active
055491537
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a device for cooling drive components and heating a passenger compartment of an electric vehicle having a battery-fed drive motor, of the generic type defined in the preamble of Claim 1.
From DE-U-92 02 466, a device for cooling drive components and heating a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle is known, in which the drive unit and, in particular, the battery are integrated within a liquid circuit for cooling these components. By use of a heat exchanger, the heat energy which is removed from the battery and, where appropriate, from further components is transferred to a second fluid and, according to requirement, is used for heating the vehicle or is released into the ambient air. A reliable cooling of the drive components, as well as an adequate heating of the passenger compartment, is thereby achieved.
The object of the present invention is to make optimal use of the available heat sources and to minimize the running of components which burden the battery.
This object is achieved in a device of the generic type by virtue of the characterizing features of Claim 1. The basic advantages of the invention can be seen, in particular, in the optimal process management of the total system and in the particularly high level of air-conditioning comfort in the passenger compartment.
In vehicles whose drive energy is contained solely or largely in a battery, a greater importance must, of course, be attached to the state variables and to the mechanisms connected with the battery. The registration of the respective variables and their evaluation is realized in a battery control unit, this unit, or the control produced by it, because of its greater importance, being referred to in professional circles as "battery management".
For the operation of an electric windscreen heating or heating for the external mirror, account should always be taken of whether there is sufficient energy available for their operation. It is therefore advantageous for a power switch for the electric windscreen or mirror heating to be activable by the control unit, the charge state of the battery being herein taken into account.
For the air-conditioning of the passenger compartment, there is expediently provided a refrigerant circuit comprising an evaporator, an expansion valve, a collector or dryer, a condenser and an electrically driven compressor. For economic reasons, the refrigeration output should be continuously adjustable, i.e. the compressor drive is speed-variable, the desired rotation speed of the compressor being predefined by the control unit in coordination with the battery control unit.
With the facility to precondition the vehicle interior prior to the start of a journey, the load on the battery is able to be reduced and the comfort level increased. Using a suitable programmable clock, when mains operation is in force and discharge clearance is given by the battery control unit, the corresponding air-conditioning components, for example the electric booster heater or the electric compressor drive, are able to be activated at a calculated moment, the switch-on time being obtained from the programmed departure time, the set internal temperature desired-value, the current external and internal temperatures and any further variables.
An expedient refinement of the subject of the invention consists in providing a heat store which is loaded whenever there is an over-supply of heat and/or mains operation is in force. With the intermediately stored energy, phases having inadequate heat supply are able to be bridged without the use of the electric booster heater, whilst the comfort level remains constant.
In addition, it is expedient to control the air-conditioning system according to different operating modes, for example, in a particularly economical manner, ECO, or in COMFORT operation. A signal corresponding to the switched-on operating mode is fed to the control unit.
The second heat exchanger, which acts as a heating element, is expediently disposed in an air-duct having flaps, the adjusting means for t
REFERENCES:
patent: 4007315 (1977-02-01), Brinkmann et al.
patent: 4456055 (1984-06-01), Yoshimi et al.
patent: 4468440 (1984-08-01), Evjen
Baruschke Wilhelm
Lochmahr Karl
Rojnica Werner
Behr GmbH & Co.
Tapolcai William E.
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