Motors: expansible chamber type – With motive fluid valve – Electrically operated
Patent
1987-07-27
1989-06-27
Garrett, Robert E.
Motors: expansible chamber type
With motive fluid valve
Electrically operated
91 1, 92 48, 92 64, 92 68, 92 98D, F15B 13044
Patent
active
048418439
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to volumetric displacement engines, namely: volumetric displacement engines having elastic working members. More specifically, the invention relates to devices for converting energy of a fluid medium into mechanical work.
PRIOR ART
At present, the stationary or vehicle power units are built around steam engines, steam or gas turbines, and internal combustion engines, in which the energy of a pressurized fluid medium is converted into mechanical work of an actuator. The fluid medium which is actuated by the device or actuates this device, may be gas or liquid. The devices for converting energy of a fluid medium into mechanical work comprise a hermetically sealed chamber communicating with a system for supply and discharge or the fluid medium. The chamber accommodates a reciprocating piston kinematically connected to an actuator.
A common disadvantage of the prior art devices is their low efficiency caused by high losses of energy due to friction between the piston and the chamber walls. Furthermore, in the process of operation of such devices, the effeciency drops down considerably due to wear of the piston and chamber.
It is well known that such devices also feature a complex design, since they require a cooling system and hermetic sealing of the main working components.
Their efficiency is also reduced by the fact that the piston is sealed by piston rings, which apply
additional pressure to the chamber wall; therefore for moving the piston in the chamber, accessive pressure of the fluid medium is required with the result that no useful work is performed.
Also known in the art is a device for converting energy of a fluid medium into mechanical work comprising an elastic piston, in which the energy loss for friction between the chamber walls and the piston is very low (cf. SU, A, No. 861727). This device comprises a hermetically sealed chamber communicating through a control valve and a discharge valve with systems for supply and discharge of the fluid medium; the chamber has an opening, accommodating a sleeve having one end fixed along the perimeter and capable of reciprocating with respect to the fixed end so that, when moving from the initial position to the extreme position, a part of the sleeve is turned inside out forming a space; the sleeve is connected to a drum mounted on a shaft coupled to a reverser through an overrunning clutch.
The sleeve is made of two interconnected parts having different diameters. A part of the sleeve is turned inside out and its end are interconnected along the perimeter so that the sleeve forms a closed annular space. The sleeve is fixed in the opening through its part having a larger diameter. The sleeve is connected to the drum through the agency of a flexible link which is arranged along the sleeve axis, one end of the link being connected to the drum, while the other end thereof is connected to the sleeve part having a smaller diameter.
The annular space is filled with gas under pressure. In the initial position of the sleeve the link is wound on the drum, the sleeve is outside of the chamber, and the sleeve part having a smaller diameter is located outside of the annular space.
During the travel to the extreme position, due to the difference in the cross-sectional areas of the annular space formed by the parts of the sleeve having different diameters, the sleeve part having a larger diameter is turned inside out and the sleeve is pulled into the chamber.
The flexible link moves together with the sleeve and, while being unwound from the drum, rotates it. The drum torque is transmitted to the actuator. The drum is returned to its initial position by the reverser.
Thus, the torque, i.e. useful load taken from the actuator, is proportional to the product of the crosssectional area of the annular space limited by the sleeve parts having different diameters by the gas pressure in the annular space.
In spite of insignificant friction between the sleeve and the chamber walls, the efficiency of such a device for converting ene
REFERENCES:
patent: 3229590 (1966-01-01), Huska
patent: 3471668 (1967-11-01), Wilkes
patent: 4616556 (1986-10-01), Meilman et al.
Kryazhevskikh Nikolai F.
Shapovalov Jury P.
Shishkin Viktor V.
Deniow Thomas
Garrett Robert E.
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