Miscellaneous hardware (e.g. – bushing – carpet fastener – caster – Checks and closers – Liquid
Patent
1996-04-17
1997-10-28
Howell, Daniel W.
Miscellaneous hardware (e.g., bushing, carpet fastener, caster,
Checks and closers
Liquid
16 55, E05F 310
Patent
active
056806744
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a device for controling the movement of a wing, and is particularly for use where the wing is a door. However the term `wing` includes in its scope alternatives such as panels and like swingable members,
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Devices for the automatic closing of a door are well known, and in one form such a device comprises a spindle rotatable in use about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the door and means converting rotation of the spindle in one direction into compression of a spring when the door is opened, some form of arm arrangement being provided between the door or frame, i.e. whichever does not have the closer attached thereto, and the closer spindle, in order to rotate the spindle in said one direction upon said opening of the door.
A common form of arm arrangement comprises a main arm extending from the closer spindle, with a link pivotally connected at one of its ends to the free end of the main arm and intended to be fixed at its opposite end to the one of the door and frame which does not carry the closer. Such an arrangement acts in a `scissors` manner as the door is opened and closed.
Instead of a multi-arm linkage between the door or frame and the closer spindle, a more aesthetically pleasing linkage is now considered desirable, and accordingly the linkage is now often in the form of a single link arm coupled at one of its ends to the closer spindle and engaging into a guide rail by way of suitable means, such as a slider or a roller, at its other end.
With many doors, a closer used therewith must operate so that the torque exerted thereby is sufficient to close the door against a catch when the door is in its fully closed position. Normally the arrangement of the closer spring is such that the force it exerts and thus the torque generated at the spindle is at a minimum at the door closed position and maximum at the door fully open position. This is clearly contrary to the desired characteristic, namely low torque when the door is open and high torque at door opening.
The torque generated at the closer spindle is thus an important consideration, and, for example, with a single link arm closer referred to above, the closing moments are unfavourable. Even by using a relatively long guide rail, the problem may be only marginally mitigated, if at all.
Various arrangements have been used in a door closer to try to achieve the desired torque characteristics, such as a pair of relatively movable pistons, gears in mesh with the closer spindle, a rack with differently radiused sections and/or sections with differently shaped teeth, and a stroke-producing cam disc.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show a prior art arrangement in a door closer where the closer spindle 10 has a crank part 11 forming a first link. Pivotally connected to the part 11 at one of its ends is a short second link 12. The closer spring 13 has its end nearest the spindle held against a stop 14, its other end being engaged by a piston 15 slidable in a cylindrical housing, the piston being centrally grooved for reception of an appropriate seal (not shown). A third, relatively long link 16 is pivotally connected at one end to the piston, extends through the coiled compression spring 13, and has its other end pivotally connected to the other end of the second link 12. Finally a fourth link 17 has one of its ends pivotally secured to the closer body at a position below the position of the spindle axis and between said axis and the stop 14, as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2. The other end of the fourth link is pivotally connected at the pivotal connection of the second and third links, marked `A` in the figures. The pivotal connection of the first and second links is marked `B` and the pivot of the fourth link to the closer body marked `C`. The fourth link is longer than the second link and angular movement of this link guides the common pivot of the second and third links in an arcuate path when the spindle moves angularly.
FIG. 1 shows the positions of the four links when the door is in its c
REFERENCES:
patent: 1957308 (1934-05-01), Anderson
patent: 2653043 (1953-09-01), Carlson
patent: 3398434 (1968-08-01), Nieman
patent: 3950819 (1976-04-01), Little
patent: 4788742 (1988-12-01), Edgett et al.
Howell Daniel W.
NT Door Controls Limited
Williams Mark
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