Measuring and testing – Sampler – sample handling – etc. – With constituent separation
Patent
1993-03-15
1995-04-11
Noland, Tom
Measuring and testing
Sampler, sample handling, etc.
With constituent separation
7386352, 7386361, G01N 118
Patent
active
054047617
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a device for continuously collecting a dialysate sample for analysis, said sample being representative of the dialysate generated during the dialysis procedure with respect to both composition and volume, said device comprising a first means for separating a predetermined amount of dialysate throughout the dialysis procedure and a second means for direct evacuation of the remaining dialysate.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
To evaluate the effectiveness of dialysis and manage patient treatment, it is important to determine with some precision the mass transfer of blood in the dialysate, as well as water and various dissolved substances such as urea, and salts such as sodium, potassium and phosphates. These values are presently calculated from measurements known as "clearances" derived from the blood flow rate through the artificial kidney and from plasma concentrations at the input and output of the kidney. This involves hypotheses about the kinetics of transfers which are invalid for numerous dissolved substances. A far more reliable method, known in the art but not currently used, consists of collecting all the dialysate, that is 80 to 150 liters per session per patient, and after thoroughly homogenizing it, measuring the total volume of dialysate and measuring the concentration of dissolved elements. For this reason, the methods currently used consist of sampling the dialysate and drawing off the amount of material required for analysis. Relatively complex equipment is used for this procedure. Such an apparatus is described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,512,418, which, is theoretically designed to draw off a predetermined percentage of a liquid substance circulating through a conduit. Similar devices are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,942,388 and French Patent No. 1.181.412.
Unfortunately, the apparatus or the devices lack precision and fail to obtain a sample of material for analysis which is an exact reflection of the total material evacuated. This is a ms, or flaw, especially in the case of analyzing dialysate evacuated by a dialysis machine. For this particular application it is essential that the sample correspond exactly to the dialysate exiting the machine so the parameters of the dialysis procedure can be precisely adjusted.
The present invention proposes a device for implementing this procedure which collects a dialysate sample that accurately represents the composition of the total dialysate and the volume of which is a known proportion of the total dialysate volume.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To achieve this the device according to the invention is characterized in that it has a buffer receptacle through which all the dialysate flows, said receptacle being associated with a separator provided with said first means and said second means.
According to a preferred embodiment the separator is attached to the base of the buffer receptacle and said first means and said second means are designed so that the free level of liquid in the receptacle is always situated above the upper level of the separator.
Said first means advantageously comprises at least one calibrated duct and said second means comprises a series of calibrated ducts, with all the calibrated ducts being identical and located at the same height in relation to the free surface of liquid in the buffer receptacle.
The calibrated ducts are preferably radially disposed and spaced regularly on a circular portion centered on the axis of the buffer receptacle.
In a particularly advantageous arrangement the calibrated ducts are designed to allow communication between a collecting chamber, which is formed in the base of the buffer receptacle and communicates with it, and a flow channel.
According to this embodiment the flow channel is designed to communicate with an outflow of liquid through a funnel and the level of liquid in the flow channel is lower than the calibrated ducts.
The calibrated duct is preferably designed to allow communication between a collection chamber formed in the bas
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Fellay Gilbert
Gabriel Jean-Pierre
Vuilleumier Pierre
Widmer Gilbert
Ciposa Microtechniques S.A.
Noland Tom
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