Railway rolling stock – Trucks – Bogie
Patent
1990-12-21
1992-12-15
Oberleitner, Robert J.
Railway rolling stock
Trucks
Bogie
B61F 500
Patent
active
051707160
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application relates to copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/613,646, filed Dec. 20, 1990, now allowed in the names of the same inventors.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to railway vehicles and more particularly to a device adapted to apply on the body of the vehicle a force for tilting the body about a longitudinal axis, or a force compensating for the centrifugal and centripetal forces acting on the vehicle in a curve, of the type comprising at least one force-applying hydraulic cylinder device and elements for detecting and calculating the force to be applied.
It will be recalled that the tilt of the vehicle body about an axis which is longitudinal or parallel to the track is a means employed on certain passenger railway vehicles for reducing the discomfort of the passengers resulting from the fact that the vehicle travels through the curves at a speed which is higher--and sometimes lower--than the equilibrium speed corresponding to the natural cant of the track. Depending on whether the vehicles travel through the curve above or below the equilibrium speed, the passengers are exposed to accelerations which are, relative to the floor of the car, respectively centrifugal or centripetal, this being all the more true because cars which have no body tilting equipment and a conventional suspension in a low bearing plane, tilt in the wrong direction (they lean toward the exterior of the curve when the speed is higher than the equilibrium speed and lean toward the interior of the curve in the opposite case).
Disregarding the passive systems whose suspension plane is higher than the center of gravity of the body and whose performances are poor owing to the inertias involved and to the relatively weak return action of the forces of gravity, a certain number of studies, and even constructions, exist which are based on active devices whose purpose is to return the body to a set position more rapidly than the aforementioned passive systems.
To the set position corresponds an apparent gravity force (resulting from the gravity force of the earth and the centrifugal acceleration force due to the curve) whose component parallel to the floor of the car is, in certain cases, nil and, in other cases, has a limited value; to minimize the effect on the passenger of transverse accelerations parallel to the floor of the vehicle, that constitutes a spatial reference for the passenger placed inside the vehicle.
The commercial interest of the body tilt is to improve the comfort of the passenger for given speeds in curves or, for a given comfort, increase the speed in the curves.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has in particular as an object to provide a contribution to the systems of the active type which may be classified in two categories which are the following:
1st category: the body tilt is achieved by means of mechanical parts connecting two solid parts of the vehicle, the sole purpose of which is to ensure the degree of freedom of rotation about the longitudinal axis: it concerns pins and bearings or an assembly of links. The motion of relative rotation between the two aforementioned solid parts is obtained by these mechanical parts and the required energy is supplied through cylinder devices placed between the two solid parts in question. This type is the most widely used and is for example illustrated by the German document DE-A-2 001 282 or British document GB-A-2 079 701;
2nd category: the body tilt is achieved without the necessity to materialize the axis of rotation by means of machined mechanical parts. It is sufficient to compress the suspension, usually the secondary suspension, on one side of the vehicle and to allow it to extend on the other side, the energy to be supplied for causing the movement being transmitted, as before, through cylinder devices, but this time the cylinder devices are placed in parallel with the suspension. This category is illustrated for example by the French document FR-A-2 231 550 or German document DE-A-2 156 613.
The
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patent: 3701397 (1972-10-01), Shiran et al.
patent: 3902691 (1975-09-01), Ott
patent: 4069767 (1978-01-01), Glaze
patent: 4091738 (1978-05-01), Platner
Durand Charles R.
Durand Jerome C.
ANF-Industrie
Le Mark T.
Oberleitner Robert J.
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