Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1983-05-05
1985-11-19
Grieb, William H.
Surgery
Truss
Pad
267167, 267170, 604104, A61M 2900, C21B 1500
Patent
active
045535450
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a device which can be applied within for example blood vessels of the body of a living animal or a living human being. The device comprises a helically shaped coil spring that can be expanded from a first state of a certain diameter to a second state of larger diameter and vice versa.
The invention is particularly useful for mechanical transluminal implantation by means of an expanding, self-fixating applicance for blood vessels, respiratory tracts or the like. By means of the device of the present invention also the inner walls of damaged blood vessels or other organs may be lined with artificial tissue which may be porous.
In surgical and other medicinal techniques there is sometimes a need of inserting and expanding a device in for example blood vessels, urinary tracts or other difficultly accessible places which has for its function to widen the said vessel or tract, the device being optionally left in position to provide for permanent widening.
The device according to the present invention may be used in many medicinal applications and, as examples, there may be mentioned utilization in different types of aneurism reflected by some form of vessel widening, or the opposite, stenosis, which involves contraction of blood vessels. More particularly, the invention thus may be used to support and keep open vessels of venous systems, to support artificial vessel elements, to close pathological vessel failures, to bridge pathological vessel dilatations and ruptures in interior vessel walls or to stabilize bronchial tubes or bronchi. The device of the present invention may also be designed to act as a filter for thromboses, for example by application in Vena Cava Inferior to prevent the formation of lung emboliae. However, the invention is not limited to the applications mentioned herein which must be considered as solely exemplifying.
BACKGROUND ART
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,868,956 there is described a device which after insertion into for example blood vessel may be expanded. The active part of this device is based on the use of metal alloys having so-called "memory function", i.e. a material which when heated will recover its initial configuration. In this prior art the heating of the material is provided by electrical heating, the device being inserted at the location of interest. However, this known technique possesses the essential disadvantage that electrical resistance heating must take place in connection to surrounding sensitive tissue which may be damaged in the heating. It is true that it is stated in the patent specification (cf.col.3, lines 42-48) that when inserting the device into a blood vessel the patient's blood functions as a cooling medium. However, also blood is a heat-sensitive material which when heated can be subjected to undesirable coagulation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has for its purpose to provide for an expansible device whereby the drawbacks of the known technique are avoided.
The present invention is based on the utilization of a device comprising a helically shaped coil spring which can be subjected to contraction or expansion. The invention is based on the principle that the spring will be given smaller or larger diameter by means of suitable mechanical means. This is possible to do in two principally different ways which all fall within the framework of the same basic inventive concept. In the following there are given examples of two of these ways.
A first way consists in rotating the ends of the spring relative to each other while maintaining a constant length of the spring so that the transition from a smaller spring diameter to a larger one takes place by reducing the number of spring turns within said length and the corresponding increase of the pitch of the spring. A second way to change the diameter of the spring consists in removing part of the spring material from a given length of the spring at at least one end of the said length of the spring, so that the transition from a state of larger diame
REFERENCES:
patent: 3509883 (1970-05-01), Dibelius
patent: 3868956 (1975-03-01), Alfidi et al.
patent: 3993078 (1976-11-01), Bergentz et al.
patent: 4130904 (1978-12-01), Whalen
patent: 4503569 (1985-03-01), Dotter
patent: 4512338 (1985-04-01), Balko et al.
Maass Dierk
Wallsten Hans I.
Grieb William H.
Medinvent S.A.
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