Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Deadman-type anchor
Patent
1997-04-04
1998-10-06
Canfield, Robert
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Deadman-type anchor
52163, E02D 580
Patent
active
058159932
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a novel device for anchoring the foundation of a structure in the ground.
The technical field of the invention is the field of making ground anchors that are forced into ground of any kind, whether from the surface of the ground or from a wall in an underground gallery or the like, by pile-driving, vibrosinking, pile-jetting, etc. After they have been forced to a certain depth or distance from said surface, such anchors have traction applied to them from said surface by means of a traction device which may be a cable, a chain, a belt, or other deformable rod providing its connection with the anchor is flexible and/or hinged, thereby causing said anchor to tilt into a position where it extends transversely to the traction direction thus enabling it to resist said traction by opposing a maximum surface area of its wing unit thereto, thereby holding the traction device against such traction force up to a certain value.
As in all known devices of the same type, the main applications are anchoring pegs for stays, for cables, for foundation masses, for structure-supporting plates, etc. . . . and more particularly when it is desired to obtain foundation strength even when the ground itself presents poor resistance to traction, thereby creating a foundation mass constituted by the ground itself which is prestressed for that purpose, as taught in European patent EP 317458, published on May 24, 1989 and filed by T.S.I., and which also describes the entire technique for implementing foundation anchoring, the principles of which are therefore known and are not recalled herein.
Numerous other devices are known that enable anchoring to be provided in the ground in the manner described above when describing the technical field of the invention, even when there is no question of making a mass constituted by putting the ground itself under prestress which is the subject matter of the above patent; some such anchor devices have been the subject of patent applications, in particular for devices that are required to tilt or incline the anchor: by way of example, mention can be made of French patent application FR 2 470 823, published on Jun. 12, 1981, in the name of Mr. Pierre CARGIOLLI, which describes a device for loose ground that enables the anchor to be tilted by placing the attachment point of the anchor line in front of the center of its surface area so that, when tension is applied, because of the greater area of the rear portion of the wing unit, the opposing force from the ground applied to the rear portion is greater than that applied to the front portion which therefore rises. Nevertheless, that method is not reliable since the anchor can rise a great deal and can even come out of the ground before the rear portion of the wing unit has been able to come into abutment so that the intended process can take place: this means that the anchoring device is not always at its design depth.
To avoid the above uncertainty, European patent application EP 161190 published on Nov. 13, 1985 in the name of I.F.P. places a flap hinged to the rear of the anchor wing unit for causing blocking to start more quickly prior to tilting. Nevertheless such a device cannot prevent the anchor being raised through a non-negligible distance when tension is applied, particularly in cases where a leader hole is made by means of an auger in order to facilitate pile-driving: a portion of the flap is then in air and its abutment action is reduced and delayed. In addition, given the forces involved, the hinges of the flap can break. Also, while the anchor is being driven down, material can jam between the flap and its abutment, preventing it moving and thus preventing it from performing its function. That reduces to the previous case.
Mention may also be made of British patent GB 2089862 published on Jun. 30, 1982 in the name of E.G. WISE which describes a hinged device for operating, after driving, to tilt the wing unit by rotation about a pin that is kept disengaged by the thrust force from the driving rod prior t
REFERENCES:
patent: 2841256 (1958-07-01), Clevett, Jr.
patent: 3139163 (1964-06-01), Haller
patent: 4611446 (1986-09-01), Beavers
Castola Charles-Alain
Laugeois Rene
Pasqualini Charles
Canfield Robert
Tecnivalor (S.A.R.L.)
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