Liquid purification or separation – With means to add treating material – Directly applied to separator
Patent
1998-05-11
2000-11-21
Simmons, David A.
Liquid purification or separation
With means to add treating material
Directly applied to separator
2105122, 55349, B01D 2126, B04C 304
Patent
active
06149805&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
A major part of the pollution present in waste water is constituted of organic material. To separate waste water from the organic material it is known to use so called biological filter or biological rotors. Adding nature's own ability to take care of organic material, decomposition is achieved by means of microorganisms. For instance, biological rotors of corrugated plastic material constituting a large attachment area for the microorganisms. One half of the rotor is submerged in the water that is to be purified. The plastic surface and the microorganisms on the rotor are alternatingly brought in contact with the water containing organic material that is nutrient and with the oxygen in the air, which is also needed. When sufficient growth has occurred, the growing material comes loose in skinlike flakes falling from the rotor down into the water. The organic material has in this way been converted into a mudlike substance that can be filtered away leaving a cleaner water. This biological purification, however, has the drawback that it is costly and mechanically demanding. The biological rotor surfaces or the biological filter surfaces that are required are large, and there is also the risk of siltation and overload.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the above, there is a need for a less costly and more trouble free solution for water purification. In accordance with this invention, this is achieved by the water being oxygenized by the use of hydro-cyclones.
As water is fed into a cyclone, a very forceful and accelerated vortex is obtained giving a separation of the material fed through, that is water from particulates in accordance with their specific weight. The heavier particles are thrown outwards and are expelled at one end together with a small amount of water, while purified water is delivered to the other end. In this way, one can separate not only particles that are heavier than the water, but also particles or for instance, drops of oil or drops of solvents from the water. Since, however, hydro-cyclones in order to function satisfactorily must be made very precisely, they will be relatively expensive, and consequently it is not particularly desirable to use hydro-cyclones in connection with, for instance, communal water cleaning plants. The ability of the cyclone to separate suspended particles from a fluid is not the only reason to use hydro-cyclones in connection with biological purification. The real reason why hydro-cyclones despite their comparatively high cost are useful in biological purification, is that the hydro-cyclone creates an under-vacuum that induces a continuous sucking in of air into the water. The cyclone in other words adds oxygen to the water. Even a comparatively small cyclone will result in adding of oxygen corresponding to that of a very large biological rotor.
The importance of oxygenizing the water in biological purification is itself of sufficient interest as the removal of particles from the water. Oxygenizing water by cyclone is even more efficient than the feeding of air with a compressor or pump, as for instance in an aquarium.
A device for oxygenizing polluted water comprised of a cyclone and a water pump can be made comparatively small and easily moveable. It can be placed at locations where one cannot use biological rotors and biological filters, for instance in waters courses, lakes, dams and even recirculation devices for water in car washes. By adding temporary outlet and nutrients from cultivated land, biological purifying takes place closer to the pollution's source. In this way lack of oxygen resulting in death of fish that may follow at discharge of nutrient material can be avoided.
For instance, a pump with motor and cyclone can be arranged in a small raft. The raft can be anchored in such a way that by the sucking in and blowing out respectively of the water it is driven around in a circle thereby efficiently oxygenizing large surfaces of unmoving water. With a suitable dimensioning of the cyclone a comparatively small
REFERENCES:
patent: 3862041 (1975-01-01), Robinson
patent: 4168231 (1979-09-01), Allen et al.
patent: 4511474 (1985-04-01), Krishna et al.
patent: 5273647 (1993-12-01), Tuszko et al.
Kullberg Sten
Petterson Bernt
AB Ribea Engineering
Lawrence Frank M.
Simmons David A.
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