Furnaces – Fuel feeders – Hopper
Patent
1986-05-09
1987-05-26
Favors, Edward G.
Furnaces
Fuel feeders
Hopper
110287, 110288, 414158, F23K 314, F23K 316
Patent
active
046676066
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a device at incinerators and, more precisely, to a feed-in device for fuel into such incinerator comprising a fire-place with plane grate. The device is particularly suitable for use at incinerators of cyclone type where fuel is fed-in through an opening in the grate.
At conventional devices of this kind the fuel is supplied from below through an angularly bent supply passageway and centrally in through the grate. Solid fuel, for example bark, shivers and chips, is hereby compressed which causes the fuel to get stuck. The conventional devices, moreover, yield an unfavourable fuel distribution on the grate and require much energy.
These problems are solved by the device according to the invention.
According to the invention, the feed-in device is designed as a tubular straight passageway, which extends upward from below to an opening in the grate, so that the centre line of the passageway forms an angle of 20.degree.-45.degree. to the grate surface. The opening is displaced from the centre to the circumference of the grate.
Further characterizing features of different embodiments of the invention are defined in the attached claims.
The invention is described in greater detail in the following by way of one embodiment thereof and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a cross-section of an incinerator with feed-in device,
FIG. 2 is a view from above of the grate arrangement,
FIG. 3 shows a detail of the slag outlet, and
FIG. 4 shows a device for secondary air supply.
In FIG. 1 an incinerator 1 with a hearth jacket 2 and embedded protective bricks 3 is shown. The incinerator is provided with a plane grate 5, which is supported on beams 6. The ash space 7 is enclosed by a sheet metal casing 8 and directed downward to a trough 9 located beneath the inicinerator. The trough is filled with water, and the downward extension from the ash space terminates below the water surface in such a way as to act as a water seal. In said trough a conveyor screw or scraper (not shown) is mounted for ash removal. The fuel, which consists of bark or chips, is supplied by means of a screw 33 and through a slide 23 to the feed-in device positioned according to the invention.
In the incinerator wall, nozzles 42,43 from a distribution chamber are located, through which secondary air is supplied for combusting the material gasified on the grates of the fire-place. The nozzles are directed tangentially for bringing about a cyclone effect.
The feed-in device according to the invention comprises a tubular portion, which is rigidly mounted on the incinerator bottom and consists of an inner screw pipe 12 surrounded by a cooling jacket 13 with an inlet 14. Through a gap 15,16 between the cooling jacket and grate 5 that portion of the grate is cooled, which is located closest to the inlet of the feed-in pipe in the fire-place.
In straight extension of the rigidly mounted portion of the feed-in pipe, a movable portion 54 is provided, which is detachable from the rigidly mounted portion and mounted on a bottom plate 19 at the foundation 20. The fuel is charged into the incinerator by means of a screw 11, the thread pitch of which increases successively toward the inlet in the incinerator. The screw is supported in two positions 25 outside the feed-in pipe and, together with the movable portion 34 of the pipe, can be pulled out for cleaning and reconditioning. On said plate 19 also a hydraulic motor 26 for operating the screw is mounted. The movable portion 54 is provided with a cleaning door 27.
The grate plates, as shown in FIG. 2, to the greatest extent shall be square and of equal dimensions, in order to be easily exchangeable wherever in the grate surface they are located, and in order to reduce the manufacturing costs and to have to store in the spare parts stock only a small number of types.
The area closest to the inlet of the feed-in pipe in the grate surface is covered by grate plates without holes. The opening between grate plates and the feed-in pipe is covered by a loosely mounted
REFERENCES:
patent: 691328 (1902-01-01), Smead
patent: 737306 (1903-08-01), Wilson
patent: 1711466 (1929-04-01), Turner
patent: 2365679 (1944-12-01), Casey
patent: 4384534 (1983-05-01), Lamb et al.
Favors Edward G.
Obbola Linerboard Aktiebolag
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