Refrigeration – Automatic control – Withdrawing or adding refrigerant from or to normally closed...
Patent
1980-04-24
1982-12-28
Makay, Albert J.
Refrigeration
Automatic control
Withdrawing or adding refrigerant from or to normally closed...
62174, 62230, F25B 4500
Patent
active
043654827
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a device at a heating or cooling unit, more precisely at a unit containing as energy carrier a substance, the volume of which varies much with the temperature, for example freon.
At known apparatuses, such as heat pumps or the like, a closed circuit is established which contains a certain amount of freon. Freon gas has the property that at decreasing temperature its pressure decreases substantially.
A heat pump for house heating purposes, for example, comprises an outdoor evaporator and an indoor condenser, where the freon gas is forced to be evaporated outdoors due to a large pressure drop occurring when the gas enters the evaporator. At a low outdoor temperature the gas pressure of freon, and also its volume are reduced, which results in a lower freon pressure in the entire system. The system generally is provided with a compressor, which produces a certain pressure increase. Thereby, a lower freon pressure even after the compressor is obtained, and the pressure drop obtainable at the inlet to the evaporator is not sufficiently great to bring about a good efficiency degree of the installation.
For this reason, known installations are designed to operate within a certain temperature interval, below which the efficiency degree is unacceptably low.
The present invention solves this problem entirely and offers a device rendering it possible for an installation to be utilized from normal to very low temperatures with a satisfactorily high efficiency degree.
The present invention, thus, relates to a device at a heating or cooling unit such as, for example, a heat pump or the like where the energy carrier is a substance, the volume of which varies considerably with the temperature, such as freon, which unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and subsequent evaporator as well as conduits for advancing said substance in said system, and where the compressor is driven by an electric motor.
The invention is characterized in that a tank is provided to contain said substance and connected to the suction side and, respectively, pressure side of the compressor by two respective conduits, each of which is provided with an electrically controlled valve for closing and, respectively, opening the conduit in question, and that a control circuit is provided to sense the load of the motor and in response thereto to transmit a signal to said valves in order thereby to control in a predetermined way the filling and draining of said substance into, and, respectively, from the system, from and, respectively, to said tank and thereby to have in the system such an amount of substance, that a predetermined pressure in the system is maintained, whereby a good efficiency degree of the unit at different temperatures of the same is obtained.
The invention is described in detail in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a heat pump installation as example of the application of the invention, and
FIG. 2 schematically shows a control device according to the invention.
In the following, first a known installation is described whereafter the present invention applied thereon is set forth.
FIG. 1 shows an evaporator 1,2, a condenser 1,2 and a compressor 3 for advancing freon in pipes 4,5 between the evaporator and the condenser. At the evaporator 1 and, respectively, condenser 2 further an expansion valve 6,7 is located. In parallel with every expansion valve 6,7 a check valve 8,9 is provided. A heat exchanger 10 preferably is provided to evaporate possible liquid freon, before it is sucked into the compressor, by means of the condensed freon gas coming from the condenser.
In FIG. 1, single arrows 11 indicate the flow direction in cases when the installation is intended to heat a house, for example. A condenser 2 is located indoors, and an evaporator 1 is located outdoors. Fans 12,13 schematically shown drive air streams through the condenser and, evaporator, respectively. Double arrows 14 indicate the flow direction in cases of inverted re
REFERENCES:
patent: 2453131 (1948-11-01), Hubbard
patent: 2807940 (1957-10-01), Urban
patent: 2938362 (1960-05-01), Schwind
patent: 2951350 (1960-09-01), Etherington et al.
patent: 3237422 (1966-03-01), Pugh
patent: 3736763 (1973-06-01), Garland
Langgard Sixten
Larsson Lennart
Makay Albert J.
Tanner Harry
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