Classifying – separating – and assorting solids – Fluid suspension – Gaseous
Patent
1996-11-26
1999-02-16
Bucci, David A.
Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
Fluid suspension
Gaseous
209142, 209156, 209208, B07B 400
Patent
active
058711031
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a device for the separation and classification of particles forming a granular product, this device comprising a vessel for separation of particles, means for supplying particles to the vessel, a separation means for these particles formed of at least one movement generator arranged to generate in said separation vessel a longitudinal flow of a fluid entraining said particles, and means for recovery of said particles.
It also relates to a process for the separation and classification of particles forming a granular product, in which said particles are progressively introduced into a separation device as defined above, and the particles are collected on at least one recovery means disposed below said vessel, having account for their longitudinal position on these recovery means.
Several known processes permit the separation of particles constituting a granular product such as a powder, pellets or grains.
Among these processes can be cited the separation by screening which consists in disposing the product on a series of superposed screens having progressively finer mesh, and recovering the product on each screen.
This process has various drawbacks due particularly to clogging of the screen and erosion of the particles against the mesh of the screen.
Another process permitting the separation and classification of particles of a granular product, as well as the device for practicing it, are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,213,852. The device comprises a closed vessel in which is disposed a tube having one upstream end and one downstream end. A hopper is disposed above this tube adjacent its upstream end and permits introducing the particles. A fan is mounted adjacent the downstream opening of the tube and generates an air flow in a closed circuit, circulating in one direction in the tube and in the other direction between the tube and the closed vessel. Wire are disposed adjacent the upstream end of the tube so as to decrease turbulence in the air flow and thereby to create as laminar a flow as possible. Recovery vessels are disposed in the bottom of the tube, particularly along the axis of this tube. The assembly of the device is arranged to decrease to the maximum the losses of pressure in the tube.
When the particles are introduced into the tube from the hopper, they are entrained by the air flow over a distance depending on their weight and their surface perpendicular to the air flow. These particles then fall into recovery vessels and are separated in fractions.
This device has various drawbacks. In particular, the laminar flow that is sought is difficult to produce with a device of this type because of the shape of the vessel and of the circuit the air must follow. In practice, a substantially laminar flow cannot be obtained except at relatively low flow rates, which does not permit assorting heavy particles. This device is adapted to sort particles whose diameter is comprised between 10 and 1000 .mu.m.
French patent No. 975,556 discloses a process for separation and classification of heterogeneous materials as well as a device for practicing this process. This device comprises means for supplying particles to a separation chamber. The particles are carried by a fluid stream through a conduit in a rotatable drum which opens into said chamber. This separation chamber comprises an upper portion in which circulates a flow of fluid and a lower portion in which the flow of fluid does not circulate. The lower portion of this chamber is provided with screens comprising movable vanes which permit recovering the particles propelled by the fluid flow and which fall by gravity into these latter. The screens are also provided at their base with an annular perforated distributor permitting generating a vertical fluid flow to keep the lightest particles in suspension in the chamber. This device which has many movable parts is complicated to produce.
The present invention proposes overcoming these drawbacks by providing a device and a process permitting obtaining a homogeneous flow for hi
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Bucci David A.
Hess Douglas
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