Solid material comminution or disintegration – Processes – Miscellaneous
Patent
1996-03-25
1997-11-11
Rosenbaum, Mark
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Processes
Miscellaneous
241 32, 241100, 241205, 241206, 241166, B02C 1802
Patent
active
056854994
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention concerns a device and process for the comminution of materials, such as comminutable material originating from industries or from private households. In particular, the present invention concerns the comminution of difficultly recyclable wastes, especially those from cutting processes, e.g. metal shavings, cheque cards, tapes and the like.
Metal shavings represent a problem since they occur in large volume and thus take up considerable transportation space in the case of disposal, i.e. the return to steel production.
Therefore, one has already tried to comminute the wool-like shavings, e.g. to tear up with rotating knives, which does not lead to the desired result because, on the one hand, introduction into the effective range of the knives makes problems since the material springs back very strongly and, on the other hand, rapidly rotating knives are jammed by the metal shavings.
Tapes and similar film-like articles tend to wind around the comminution device, which leads to frequent interruptions.
Similar problems arise in the case of the comminution of household waste, for which reason reliable, small devices are not on the market.
For the comminution of materials, devices are known with comb-like, interengaging knife or bar rows, extending from above downwardly and forming a wedge-shaped cutting gap, see e.g. DE-A-24 20 913 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,346,202. However, the cutting elements thereby perform an oscillating movement, i.e. forwards and backwards movement of the scissor-like cutting movement take place on precisely the same path. The above-mentioned materials can thus not be satisfactorily comminuted.
Therefore, the present invention has set itself the task of providing a device with the help of which comminutsble industrial waste and material from the private household can be comminuted in a very simple and reliable way, thereby, furthermore, it is also ensured that the cleaning of the device, e.g. in the case of change of the supplied material to be comminuted, is possible in a very easy way.
According to the invention, the solution of this task takes place with a device having the features of the main claim, advantageous embodiments being found in the subsidiary claims.
The comminution process takes place as follows: The comb-like engaging cutting bars are moved against one another with relatively low frequency in a scissor-like manner, whereby, in the upper part of the V-shaped introducing wedge, the material is compacted. Compacted material heeds less space and, therefore, is moved to the lower part of the introducing wedge until it is gripped by the cutting bar and is cut or broken up. Since the process can take place relatively slowly, no all too great forces are necessary for the swivelling movement so that, in principle, this can be carried out manually.
However, simultaneously with the scissor-like movement, because of the crank drive, an up and down movement of the knives takes place, whereby the angle between the knives is reduced in the case of the downward movement and the material to be comminuted is thereby drawn into the cutting region.
The simultaneous cutting movement and the swivel movement resulting by the crank can, in principle, be provided according to the invention in two ways. First, the knives can be assembled in s frame and be rigidly combined with one another, whereby the frame is coupled to a shaft via one or more lower bridges so that the bridge is forced around the shaft by the engaging movement and the knives are thus swivelled on a circular path with the radius of the length of the bridge. In the case of this solution, it is advantageous to close the frame (rigidly) fixed to the bridge via a lower shank and to let the knives of the counter frame to pass through in comb-like way and to allow to rest on the lower shank.
A further very important advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the cutting device can be very easily removed from the device, which considerably simplifies the changing of the tools or the cleaning of the dev
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patent: 2999651 (1961-09-01), Ault et al.
patent: 3346202 (1967-10-01), Wuthrich
patent: 5078327 (1992-01-01), Kemetter
K. R. Pfiffner AG
Rosenbaum Mark
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