Chemistry: fertilizers – Processes and products – Bacterial
Patent
1995-11-29
1998-07-21
Lewis, Michael
Chemistry: fertilizers
Processes and products
Bacterial
4352904, C05F 1108
Patent
active
057829500
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a national stage application of PCT/DE94/00440 filed 19 Apr. 1994 and based on the following national applications: German national application P4409539.2 filed 19 Mar. 1994, Swiss national application 2360/93-2 filed 6 Aug. 1993 and Swiss national application 1267/93-7 filed 22 Apr. 1993.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a process for treating biological residues, particularly from communal and/or industrial waste materials, including raw and or cooked food leftovers, agricultural waste, particularly animal excrements and/or plant components, wherein the bio-residuals are separated into a solid and a liquid fraction and subsequently the solid fraction is delivered to a silo composting and the liquid fraction to an anaerobic reactor, wherefrom the biogas generated through fermentation is extracted.
The invention further relates to a device for the recovery of biogas or compost through wet-fermentation and composting of organic bio-residues with a reactor for solid materials built as a worm-press type solid-liquid separator, which has a liquid outlet and an anaerobic reactor connected thereto for fermentation with a biogas extraction and a composting installation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In addition to already mentioned waste materials, the concept of bio-residues includes all substances having a content of carbon in dissolved form (DOC) which are capable of fermentation. These can be for instance green vegetable waste, such as long grass, leaves, lawn cuttings, branches, wood cuttings, flowers, horticultural and/or agricultural harvest residues, but also waste from the vegetable and fruit processing industry, such as the peels of fruit, oil fruit, rape, beer sludge, yeasts, coconut fibers, leaves and stems from canneries, potato peels and leaf remnants, bark and chips from wood or paper industries, organic communal or industrial urban refuse and, finally agricultural waste.
It has long been known to compost clean green residues by storing the comminuted residues with or without composting additives in compost piles and left to rot, whereby the waste was slowly decomposed. In the meantime it became known that the rotting time can be shortened by shuffling the stacks piled up in layers, as well as by to concerted process control with monitoring the temperature and/or stack humidity.
In the EP 0 429 744 A2 a process is described wherein the waste material, after being pretreated by sifting, separating and comminuting is fed to a fermentation tank, where it is slowly pushed towards the central exit opening while being continuously stirred, in order to induce and maintain an aerobic biological decomposition process. In order to improve this fermentation method an aerobic biological rotting of biological waste is provided, whereby the waste is intimately mixed with air by to continuous stirring and is then subjected to a bacterial aerobic decomposition, and the product resulting from the rotting process is removed from the receiving tank and subjected to purification. For this purpose approximately half of the receiving tank has to be filled with solid waste with subsequent addition of liquid substances and agitated over a residence time of 2 to 3 hours, prior to adding decanted slurry and white lime and the stirring has to be continued for a residence time up to 69 or 70 hours.
WO 92/15540 describes a process for separate treatment and disposal of mixtures of solid and liquid organic waste materials, whereby the mixture is split by mechanical separation into a liquid phase with a low content of finely distributed solids and into a solid phase with a water content, after which the liquid phase undergoes an anaerobic fermentation process with generation of biogas, and the solid phase undergoes an aerobic fermentation process to form compost, fertilizer or fodder. The ballast substances present in the biogas and/or the liquid phase are removed by chemical means, such as precipitation, or flocculation and conveyed to the cycle bef
Kanitz Jurgen
Kesselring Bruno
Beg Bioenergie GmbH
Dubno Herbert
Hendrickson Stuart L.
Lewis Michael
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