Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
Reexamination Certificate
1998-11-12
2001-02-06
Weiss, John G. (Department: 3761)
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Means for supplying respiratory gas under positive pressure
C128S202120
Reexamination Certificate
active
06182656
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to control of fluid flow from a unidirectional source and, more particularly, to control of air pressure in a respirator employing a unidirectional air pressure source.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
Artificial respirators are known. One type of respirator induces breathing by forcing pressurized air down the patient's trachea, using an intubation tube. Although intubation is commonly employed, intubation tends to be traumatic.
Another type of respirator induces breathing by varying air pressure outside the patient's chest, while leaving the patient's mouth and nose at ambient pressure. Decades ago, this type of respirator was known as an “Iron Lung” and employed a tank in which the entire body except the head was enclosed. Since then, more portable and generally practical devices have been proposed.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,621,621 discloses a respirator jacket assembly, a source of vacuum pressure, and a valve assembly. A motor, shaft, lifter, and rocker arm cooperate to move a movable conduit to be coaxial with a fixed conduit, to put the jacket assembly in fluid communication with the vacuum source, thereby creating a negative pressure around the torso of the user, causing air to rush into the lungs. When the movable conduit is in the displaced position, the pressure within the jacket returns to ambient pressure, thereby permitting the user to exhale.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,930,498 purports to disclose a ventilator having valve that may be used to provide alternately low and high pressures. This valve is connected to separate sources of gas pressure and vacuum.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,982,735 discloses a system including a blower that supplies alternately negative and positive pressure to a dome attached to the chest of the patient. The blower is part of a circuit including an air suction valve, an air exertion valve, a release valve, two bypass valves, a negative pressure regulator, and a positive pressure regulator.
These prior systems may be characterized by either a lack of versatility or a complex construction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a versatile pressure control mechanism that may employ a relatively simple pressure source in a respirator.
To achieve this and other objects of the present invention, in a system including a compartment and a person in contact with the compartment having an interior, an artificial respiration system comprises a device for moving fluid, the device including a fluid exit port and a fluid entrance port; a first housing defining a first hole in communication with the exit port, a second hole in communication with the interior of the compartment, a third hole in communication with the entrance port, and a fourth hole; a second housing in the first housing, the second housing defining a first chamber with a first hole, and a second hole, and a second chamber with a third hole, and a fourth hole; a driver for varying the angular displacement of the second housing relative to the first housing; a user interface for generating a first signal indicating a first pressure, a second signal indicating a second pressure, and a third signal indicating a period; and a controller that generates a driver control signal to effect a first angular displacement of the second housing depending on the first signal, and to effect a second angular displacement of the second housing depending on the second signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is a method for a system including a compartment and a person in contact with the compartment having an interior, a device for moving fluid, the device including a fluid exit port and a fluid entrance port; a first housing defining a first hole in communication with the exit port, a second hole in communication with the interior of the compartment, a third hole in communication with the entrance port, and a fourth hole; and a first cell with a first hole, and a second hole. The method comprises generating a first signal indicating a first pressure, a second signal indicating a second pressure, and a third signal indicating a period; generating a control signal to effect a first angular displacement of the first cell, relative to the first housing, depending on the first signal, and to effect a second angular displacement of the first cell depending on the second signal; and rotating the first cell in response to the control signal.
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patent: 5988166 (1999-11-01), Hayek
Jackson Jerome D.
Mitchell Teena
Weiss John G.
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