Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Holding or positioning denture in mouth
Patent
1991-05-15
1993-03-23
Wilson, John J.
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Holding or positioning denture in mouth
433173, 433213, 433215, A61C 1312, A61C 13225, A61C 800, A61C 1100
Patent
active
051958902
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a device for supporting artificial teeth, which is intended to be secured to anchoring elements embedded entirely or partially in a jaw.
The invention also relates to a method for making the device.
It happens quite often, as a consequence of a disease or an accident, that people lose several teeth in one or both jaws. These teeth must be replaced by artificial ones, which may be done, for instance with the aid of a detachable denture, fixed bridges or, as in the case of the present invention, a denture permanently anchored in the jaw bone.
Different methods and devices are currently used for anchoring a denture in the jaw bone. A method and a device generally used in Swedish dentistry will be described hereinbelow.
The first step to be taken, after examination and thorough diagnosis, is to insert anchoring bodies, sometimes referred to as fixtures, in the jaw bone by surgical operation, in the area of the jaw where the denture is to be fixed. The anchoring body may consist e.g of a screw of titanium, having an external and an internal thread.
When the anchoring bodies after healing are fixed in the jaw, the surgeon loosens the flap of the mucous membrane covering the anchoring bodies during the healing process so as to expose the anchoring bodies. In each anchoring body is then fixed a spacer member of titanium by means of a screw which is screwed in the internal thread of the anchoring body. The spacer member extends through the mucous membrane in the jaw and is axially aligned with the anchoring body. One spacer member and one anchoring body together form an anchoring element to which a denture can be permanently secured.
In a jaw without any teeth, parts of the bone will gradually be resorbed. Thus, the number of sites where anchoring bodies can be implanted will be limited This, together with the fact that there is no easy way for controlling the orientation and the depth of the anchoring bodies when implanting them in the jaw bone, entails that the anchoring bodies, and thus the spacer members, may be inclined in relation to each other and that the spacer members may protrude over the mucous membrane to a varying degree.
After the spacer members have been mounted on the anchoring bodies, a model is prepared of the jaw, as it appears with the implanted anchoring bodies and the spacer members fixed thereto. To this end, impression elements are screwed to the spacer members, and an impression is made of the jaw in this state. When the impression has set, the impression elements are removed from the spacer members, whereupon the entire plaster impression can be removed from the jaw. Model spacer members and model anchoring bodies of brass are then screwed into the impression elements so as to have the same inclination and vertical position as the real anchoring bodies and spacer members in the jaw, and the impression is filled with plaster. When the plaster has hardened and the impression with the impression elements has finally been loosened from the plaster with the brass anchoring bodies and brass spacer members, an exact model of the jaw has been obtained.
In this connection, a plaster model of the other jaw is also prepared Finally, the patient will have to bite in a soft mass, thus providing a bite impression showing how the patient's jaws are located in relation to each other and thus what space is available for building up an artificial row of teeth.
The plaster models of the patient's jaws are fixed in an artificial jaw-joint which, on the basis of the bite impression, is adjusted so as to agree with the patient's bite.
To the model of the toothless jaw is then applied a wax ridge in which artificial teeth are placed in a manner to provide a correct bite and an aesthetic appearance. As a final check, the wax ridge with the teeth inserted therein is tried in the patient's mouth.
The wax ridge serves as a model for the bridge which is to be cast in the next step and which eventually should support the artificial teeth. It is therefore moulded after the jaw and prov
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Johansson Stig
Lindberg Anders
Cherichetti Cindy A.
Titanbron I .ANG.hus AB
Wilson John J.
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