Determining the number of unidirectional and bidirectional...

Pulse or digital communications – Bandwidth reduction or expansion – Television or motion video signal

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C382S236000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07856059

ABSTRACT:
Methods for processing a set of successive video frames in two passes to determine the number of bidirectional (B) and unidirectional (P) motion compensated frames to be encoded in a video coding system. During the first pass, motion vectors and motion costs are computed for each frame and a derived cost value is computed based on the motion cost of at least one frame. The derived cost value is used to determine the number (NB) of B-frames to be encoded in the set of successive frames. In the second pass, the set of successive frames are encoded where NBframes are encoded as B-frames and some or all motion vectors computed in the first pass are re-used in the second pass. A scene cut detection method is also provided where an impulse-like increase in a ratio of motion costs is monitored.

REFERENCES:
patent: 5565920 (1996-10-01), Lee
patent: 5592226 (1997-01-01), Lee et al.
patent: 5774593 (1998-06-01), Zick et al.
patent: 6005626 (1999-12-01), Ding
patent: 6057893 (2000-05-01), Kojima et al.
patent: 6281942 (2001-08-01), Wang
patent: 6307886 (2001-10-01), Westermann
patent: 6456328 (2002-09-01), Okada
patent: 6611558 (2003-08-01), Yokoyama
patent: 6618507 (2003-09-01), Divakaran
patent: 6731821 (2004-05-01), Maurer
patent: 6778708 (2004-08-01), Divakaran
patent: 6944224 (2005-09-01), Zhao et al.
patent: 7003038 (2006-02-01), Divakaran et al.
patent: 7295612 (2007-11-01), Haskell et al.
patent: 2002/0037051 (2002-03-01), Takenaka
patent: 2002/0146071 (2002-10-01), Liu et al.
patent: 2002/0150160 (2002-10-01), Liu
patent: 2002/0150162 (2002-10-01), Liu
patent: 2005/0013365 (2005-01-01), Mukerjee et al.
patent: 2005/0036704 (2005-02-01), Dumitras
patent: 0853436 (1998-07-01), None
patent: 0863671 (1998-09-01), None
patent: 0987903 (2000-03-01), None
patent: 1005229 (2000-05-01), None
patent: 1022667 (2000-07-01), None
patent: 1665801 (2006-06-01), None
patent: 04 752 135 (2006-07-01), None
patent: 04 752 135 (2007-02-01), None
patent: 04 752 135 (2008-06-01), None
patent: 08 005 407 (2008-06-01), None
patent: 1942678 (2008-07-01), None
patent: 08005407 (2008-10-01), None
patent: 04752135 (2009-03-01), None
patent: 2263602 (1993-07-01), None
patent: WO 0228087 (2002-04-01), None
patent: WO 2004036920 (2004-04-01), None
patent: WO 2005/027526 (2005-03-01), None
J. Lee and B.W. Dickinson, “Scene-adaptive motion interpolation structures based on temporal masking in human visual perception,” in Proc. SPIE Conference on Visual Comm. and Image Processing, Cambridge, 1993, pp. 499-510.
A. Hanjalic, “Shot—boundary detection: Unraveled and resolved ?,” IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 90-105, Feb. 2002.
C-L. Huang and B-Y Liao, “A robust scene—change detection method for video segmentation,” IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 11, No. 12, pp. 1281-1288, Dec. 2001.
T. Vlachos, “Cut detection in video sequences using phase correlation,” IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 7, No. 7, pp. 173-175, Jul. 2000.
U. Gargi, R. Kasturi, and S.H. Strayer, Performance characterization of video shot change detection methods, IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1-13, Feb. 2000.
R.M. Ford, C. Robson, D. Temple, and M. Gerlach, “Metrics for shot boundary detection in video sequences,” Multimedia Systems, vol. 8, pp. 37-46, 2000.
B-L Yeo and B. Liu, “Rapid scene analysis on compressed video,” IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 533-544, Dec. 1995.
H.J. Zhang, C.Y. Low, and S.W. Smoliar, “Video parsing and browsing using compressed data,” Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 89-111, Mar. 1995.
H.C. Liu and G. Zick, “Automatic determination of scene changes in MPEG compressed video,” in Proc. IEEE Symp. Circuits and Systems, Seattle, 1995, vol. 1, pp. 764-767.
Z. Cernekova, C. Nikou, and I. Pitas, “Shot detection in video sequences using entropy-based metrics,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, 2002, vol. 3, pp. 421-424.
B. Shahraray, “Scene change detection and content—based sampling of video sequences,” in Digital Video Compression: Algorithms and Technologies, 1995, vol. SPIE-2419, pp. 2-13.
J. Bescos, G. Cisneros, and J.M. Menendez, “Multidimensional comparison of shot detection algorithms,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Image Processing, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 401-403.
Patrick Bouthemy, M. Gelgon, and F. Ganansia, “A unified approach to shot change detection and camera motion characterization,” IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Tech., vol. 9, No. 7, pp. 1030-1040, Oct. 1999.
H.B. Lu, Y.J. Zhang, and Y.R. Yao, “Robust gradual scene change detection,” in Proceedings of IEEE Intl. Conference on Image Processing, Kobe, Japan, 1999, vol. 3, pp. 304-308.
Non-Final Office Action of U.S. Appl. No. 10/658,938, mailing date Jan. 23, 2007, Haskell, et al., issued as U.S. Patent 7,295,612.
Notice of Allowance of U.S. Appl. No. 10/658,938, mailing date Jul. 2, 2007, Haskell, et al., issued as U.S. Patent 7,295,612
Partial International Search Report for PCT/US2004/015032, Oct. 27, 2004, Apple Computer, Inc.
International Search Report for PCT/US2004/015032, Jan. 7, 2005, Apple Computer, Inc.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability and Written Opinion for PCT/US2004/015032, Mar. 13, 2006, Apple Computer, Inc.
Anthony Y. Lan, A.G. Nguyen, and J-N. Hwang, “Scene-context-dependent reference-frame placement for MPEG video coding,” IEEE Trans. On Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 478-489, Apr. 1999.
Liu-H-C et al: “Scene Decomposition of MPEG Compressed Video” Proceedings of the Spie, Spie Bellingham, VA, US, vol. 2419, Feb. 7, 1995, pp. 26-37, XP000671108 ISSN: 0277-786X the whole document.
Ramkishor K. et al: “Adaptation of video encoders for improvement in quality” Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (Cat. No. 03CH37430) IEEE Piscataway, NJ, USA, vol. 2, May 25, 2003, pp. II-692-II-695, XP002298125 ISBN: 0-7803-7761-3.
Peker K. A. Et al: “A novel pair-wise comparison based analytical framework for automatic measurement of intensity of motion activity of video segments” 2001 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and EXPO, Aug. 22, 2001, pp. 936-939, XP010661942 abstract p. 937, paragraph 3.
International Business Machines Corporation: “Dynamic-GOP for a MPEG-2 Video Compression” Research Disclosure, Kenneth Mason Publications, Hampshire, GB, vol. 42, No. 420, Apr. 1, 1999, XP002225457 ISSN: 0374-4353 the whole document.
Simon M M, Casamayou L, Villegas P, Roser M, “Improved quality video coding for CBR transmission: bit production control and pre-analysis” Proceedings of the 38thMidwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 1995, vol. 2, Aug. 13, 2005, pp. 842-845.
Xiaodong Gu and Hongjiang Zhang, “Implementing dynamic GOP in video encoding,” in IEEE Intl. Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), Baltimore, 2003, vol. 1, pp. 349-352.
Adriana Dumitras and Barry G. Haskell, “I/P/B frame type decision by collinearity of displacements,” in Proceedings of IEEE Intl. Conference on Image Processing, 2004. pp. 2769-2772.
Response to Non-Final Office Action of U.S. Application No. 10/658,938, filed May 23, 2007, Haskell, Barin Geoffry, et al., listed as item #19 in the IDS filed Jun. 6, 2008.

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Determining the number of unidirectional and bidirectional... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Determining the number of unidirectional and bidirectional..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Determining the number of unidirectional and bidirectional... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-4150441

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.