Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-06-23
2002-08-13
Boyer, Charles (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S119000, C510S501000, C510S504000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06432895
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to detergent mixtures containing oligomeric esterquats and alkoxylated fatty acid amidoamines and to the use of the mixtures for the production of fabric softeners and hair-care compositions.
2. Statement of Related Art
As a result of increased biodegradability requirements, quaternary fatty acid alkanolamine ester salts, so-called “esterquats”, have displaced tetraalkyl ammonium compounds as cationic surfactants both for the production of fabric softeners and for the conditioning of hair. Overviews on this subject have been published, for example, by R. Puchta et al. in Tens. Surf. Det., 30, 186 (1993), by M. Brock in Tens. Surf. Det. 30, 394 (1993), by R. Lagerman et al. in J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc., 71, 97 (1994) and by l. Shapiro in Cosm. Toil. 109, 77 (1994). However, there is a demand on the market for products with further improved properties.
Accordingly, the complex problem addressed by the present invention was to provide detergent mixtures which would have improved conditioning and antistatic properties and complete biological degradability, could be dissolved quickly and completely, even in cold water, would have a sufficiently high viscosity but would not thicken or form gels in storage and, finally, would dissolve clearly in any ratio with water without any need for alcohols.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to detergent mixtures containing
(a) oligomeric esterquats obtainable by condensation of mixtures of mono-and dicarboxylic acids with alkanolamines and subsequent quaternization of the alkanolamine oligoesters and
(b) products of the addition of alkylene oxides onto fatty acid amidoamines.
It has surprisingly been found that the mixtures according to the invention not only are highly concentrated and water-clear, they also have an advantageously high and stable viscosity. The preparations can be diluted with water in any quantities and may then be immediately used as fabric softeners or hair-care compositions. They provide both synthetic and natural fibers with a particularly pleasant soft feel and, in addition, reduce the static charging between the fiber filaments to a quite considerable extent. Another advantage is that they can be dispersed particularly easily in cold water and, in addition, are readily biodegradable.
Oligomeric esterguats
The oligomeric esterquats have at least two cationic centers and, accordingly, differ from other known esterquats which have only one quaternary nitrogen. The production and use of these substances is known from DE-C1 19539846 (Henkel). In simple terms, the synthesis principle consists in linking several, but preferably exactly two, polyfunctional alkanolamines by means of a dicarboxylic acid, completely or partly esterifying the free hydroxyl groups with monocarboxylic acids and then quatemizing the nitrogen atoms present in the oligomeric or dimeric ester by methods known per se.
Typical examples of monocarboxylic acids, which may be used as one of the two acid components of the oligomeric esterquats, are fatty acids and oxocarboxylic acids containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms such as, for example, caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethyl hexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoicacid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and the technical mixtures thereof obtained, for example, in the pressure hydrolysis of natural fats and oils, in the reduction of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis or in the dimerization of unsaturated fatty acids. Technical fatty acids containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example coconut, palm, palm kernel or tallow acid, preferably in hydrogenated or partly hydrogenated form, are preferred. Examples of suitable dicarboxylic acids, which may be used as a second bridging carboxylic acid component, are succinic acid, maleic acid, glutaric acid, 1,12-dodecanedioic acid and, more particularly, adipic acid. Oligomeric esterquats based on fatty acids containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms and adipic acid are preferably used. To produce the oligomeric esterquats, the mono-and dicarboxylic acids may be used in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 and preferably 1.5:1 to 2.5:1.
The alkanolamine component of the oligomeric esterquats may be derived from methyl diethanolamine, but is preferably derived from tri-ethanolamine and from mixtures of the two. To produce the compounds, the mono-/dicarboxylic acids on the one hand and the alkanolamines on the other hand may be used in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 and are preferably used in a molar ratio of 1.5:1 to 2:1.
The esterification may be carried out in known manner, as described for example in International patent application WO 91101295 (Henkel). The esterification is advantageously carried out at temperatures of 120 to 220° C. and, more particularly, 130 to 170° C. and under pressures of 0.01 to 1 bar. Suitable catalysts are hypophosphorous acid and alkali metal salts thereof, preferably sodium hypophosphite, which may be used in quantities of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight and are preferably used in quantities of 0.05 to 0.07% by weight, based on the starting materials. In the interests of 30 particularly high color quality and stability, it has proved to be of advantage to use alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal borohydrides such as, for example, potassium, magnesium and in particular sodium borohydride. The co-catalysts are normally used in quantities of 50 to 1000 ppm and more particularly 100 to 500 ppm, again based on the starting materials. Corresponding processes are also the subject of German patents DE-C1 4308792 and DE-C1 4409322 (Henkel), to which reference is specifically made here. Mixtures of the fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids may be used or the esterification may be carried out with the two components in succession.
The quaternization of the fatty acid/dicarboxylic acid alkanolamine esters may be carried out in known manner. Although the reaction with the alkylating agents can be carried out in the absence of solvents, it is advisable to use at least small quantities of water or lower alcohols, preferably isopropyl alcohol, for the preparation of concentrates which have a solids content of at least 80% by weight and, more particularly, at least 90% by weight. Suitable alkylating agents are alkyl halides, for example methyl chloride; dialkyl sulfates, for example dimethyl sulfate or diethyl sulfate; or dialkyl carbonates such as, for example, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate. The esters and the alkylating agents are normally used in a molar ratio of 1:0.95 to 1:1.05, i.e. in a substantially stoichiometric ratio. The reaction temperature is normally in the range from 40 to 80° C. and more particularly in the range from 50 to 60° C. After the reaction, it is advisable to destroy unreacted alkylating agent by addition of, for example, ammonia, an (alkanol)amine, an amino acid or an oligopeptide, as described for example in German patent application DE-A1 4026184 (Henkel).
In the reaction of the alkanolamines with the mixtures of mono-and dicarboxylic acids, complex mixtures predominantly containing dimers, i.e. species in which two alkanolamines are bridged by a dicarboxylic acid and of which the free hydroxyl groups are partly esterified with monocarboxylic acids, are obtained. According to gel permeation chromatography, the mixtures also contain oligomeric esters where 3 to 4 quaternary centers are present. Monomeric compounds containing only one quaternary nitrogen are undesirable for performance-related reasons because they adversely affect clear solubility. Although they cannot be completely prevented from occurring, their content can be reduced to below 5% by weight through the presence of a sufficient quantity of dicarboxylic acid. The dimeric compounds corresponding to formula (I):
in which R
1
CO is an aliphatic, linear or branched, saturated
Bigorra Joaquin
Bonastre Gilabert Nuria
Pi Subirana Rafael
Boyer Charles
Cognis Deutschland GmbH
Drach John E.
Millson, Jr. Henry E.
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