Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-18
2002-03-26
Boyer, Charles (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S123000, C510S130000, C510S135000, C510S405000, C510S433000, C510S463000, C510S470000, C510S504000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06362142
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to detergent mixtures containing esterquats, chitosans and protein hydrolyzates and optionally alkyl glycosides and/or betaines and to the use of the mixtures for the production of surface-active compositions.
Large numbers of surfactant mixtures used for various applications are known from the prior art. In the field of raw materials for detergents and cosmetics, however, there is a need for concentrated surfactant premixes distinguished by good cleaning and conditioning properties on the one hand with respect to synthetic fibers, i.e. textiles and their precursors, and on the other hand with respect to natural (keratin) fibers, i.e. human hair. Another requirement is that the products should have optimal dermatological compatibility so that even particularly sensitive consumers are in no real danger of suffering skin irritation either directly through handling the products or indirectly through contact with the treated fibers.
Accordingly, the complex problem addressed by the invention was to provide new detergent mixtures both for the detergent industry and for the cosmetics industry which would be distinguished by particularly high dermatological compatibility, favorable skin and textile cleaning and rewetting behavior and an excellent conditioning effect on synthetic and natural fibers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to detergent mixtures containing
(a) esterquats,
(b) chitosan and/or chitosan derivatives and
(c) protein hydrolyzates.
It has surprisingly been found that the detergent mixtures according to the invention not only show particularly high dermatological compatibility, they also develop a particularly high cleaning performance both with respect to textiles and with respect to skin and hair. In addition, not only do they provide textiles and hair with a pleasant soft feel, they also reduce the static charge between the fibers.
Esterquats
“Esterquats” (component a) are generally understood to be quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts. These are known substances which may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry., cf. International patent application WO 91/01295 (Henkel). According to this document, triethanolamine is partly esterified with fatty acids in the presence of hypophosphorous acid, air is passed through and the reaction product is quatemized with dimethyl sulfate or ethylene oxide. Overviews on this subject have been published, for example, by R. Puchta et al. in Tens. Surf. Det., 30, 186 (1993), by M. Brock in Tens. Surf, Det. 30, 394 (1993), by R. Lagerman et al. in J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc., 71, 97 (1994) and by I. Shapiro in Cosm. Toll., 109, 77 (1994).
The quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts correspond to formula (I):
in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
and R
3
independently of one another represent hydrogen or have the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
4
is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a (CH
2
CH
2
O)qH group, m, n and p together stand for 0 or numbers of 1 to 12, q is a number of 1 to 12 and X is halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate. Typical examples of esterquats which may be used in accordance with the invention are products based on caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, isostearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and the technical mixtures thereof obtained for example in the pressure hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. Technical C
12/18
cocofatty acids and, in particular, partly hydrogenated C
16/18
tallow or palm oil fatty acids and high-elaidic C
16/18
fatty acid cuts are preferably used. To produce the quaternized esters, the fatty acids and the triethanolamine may be used in a molar ratio of 1.1:1 to 3:1. With the performance properties of the esterquats in mind, a ratio of 1.2:1 to 2.2:1 and preferably 1.5:1 to 1.9:1 has proved to be particularly advantageous. The preferred esterquats are technical mixtures of mono-, di- and triesters with an average degree of esterification of 1.5 to 1.9 and are derived from technical C
16/18
tallow or palm oil fatty acid (iodine value 0 to 40). In performance terms, quaternized fatty acid triethanol amine ester salts corresponding to formula (I), in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms, R
2
has the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
3
is hydrogen, R
4
is a methyl group, m, n and p stand for 0 and X stands for methyl sulfate, have proved to be particularly advantageous.
Other suitable esterquats besides the quatemized fatty acid. triethanolamine ester salts are quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with. diethanolalkyamines corresponding to formula (II):
in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
is hydrogen or has the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
4
and R
5
independently of one another are alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m and n together stand for 0 or numbers of 1 to 12 and X stands for halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate.
Finally, another group of suitable esterquats are the quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with 1,2-dihydroxypropyl dialkylamines corresponding to formula (III):
in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
is hydrogen or has the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
4
, R
5
and R
7
independently of one another are alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m and n together stand for 0 or numbers of 1 to 12 and X stands for halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate.
So far as the choice of the preferred fatty acids and the optimum degree of esterification is concerned, the examples mentioned in regard to (I) also apply to the esterquats of formulae (II) and (III). The esterquats are normally marketed in the form of 50 to 90% by weight alcohol solutions which may readily be diluted with water as required. The esterquats may also be used together with fatty alcohols in the form of flakes, as described for example in German patent DE-C1 4308794 (Henkel).
Chitosans and Chitosan Derivatives
Chitosans (component b) are biopolymers which belong to the group of hydrocolloids. Chemically, they are partly deacetylated chitins differing in their molecular weights which contain the following—idealized—monomer unit:
In contrast to most hydrocolloids, which are negatively charged at biological pH values, chitosans are cationic biopolymers under these conditions. The positively charged chitosans are capable of interacting with oppositely charged surfaces and are therefore used in cosmetic hair-care and body-care products and pharmaceutical preparations (cf. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed., Vol. A6, Weinheim, Verlag Chemie, 1986, pages 231-332). Overviews of this subject have also been published, for example, by B. Gesslein et al. in HAPPI 27, 57 (1990), O. Skaugrud in Drug Cosm. Ind. 148, 24 (1991) and E. Onsoyen et al. in Seifen-Öle-Fette-Wachse 117, 633 (1991). Chitosans are produced from chitin, preferably from the shell residues of crustaceans which are available in large quantities as inexpensive raw materials. In a process described for the first time by Hackmann et al., the chitin is normally first deproteinized by addition of bases, demineralized by addition of mineral acids and, finally, deacetylated by addition of strong bases, the molecular weights being distributed over a broad spectrum. Corresponding processes are known, for example, from Makromol. Chem. 177, 3589 (1976) or French patent application FR-A 2701266. Preferred types are those which are disclosed in German patent applications DE-A1 4442987 and DE-A1 19537001 (Henkel) and which have an average molecular weight of 800,000 to 1,200,000 dalton, a Brookfield viscosity (1% by weight in glycolic acid) below 5,000 mPas, a degree of deacetylation of 80 to 88% and an ash content of less than 0.3% by weight. Besides the chitosans as typical cationic biopolymers, anionically or nonionically derivatized chitosans such as, for example,
Fabry Bernd
Weber Peter
Boyer Charles
Cognis Deutschland GmbH
Drach John E.
Trzaska Steven J.
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