Compositions – Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural... – Organic reactant
Patent
1995-04-28
1996-05-14
Albrecht, Dennis
Compositions
Compositions containing a single chemical reactant or plural...
Organic reactant
252 90, 252 99, 252174, 25217413, 25217425, 25218626, C11D 332, C11D 3395, C11D 1100, C11D 1706
Patent
active
055164498
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to laundry detergent compositions containing one or more amide substituted peroxyacid bleaching compounds and more especially to solid laundry detergent compositions containing such compounds.
The use of amide substituted peroxyacid-bleaching compounds in detergent compositions has been disclosed in, for example, EP-A-0170386. These bleaching compounds perform well over wide temperature and pH ranges and are effective at removing hydrophobic soils including body soils and greasy soils from fabrics to provide overall good dingy fabric cleaning. Their use in detergent compositions is complemented by the presence of one or more additional bleaching components such as peroxy acid bleach precursors (bleach activators) which typically give effective removal of hydrophilic stains including tea, wine and coffee.
The Applicants have now discovered that such amide substituted peroxyacid bleaching compounds are particularly suitable for inclusion in laundry compositions formulated for use in the cleaning of coloured fabrics. Their suitability for this purpose arises from their unexpected lack of propensity to cause colour damage to such fabrics during the wash process and their ability to limit fabric malodour caused by microbial spoilage. Furthermore, these `colour-safe` bleaches have also been found to give surprisingly good performance under conditions of high pH (>10.5) and water hardness (>12.degree. Clark hardness).
However, the inclusion of peroxyacid bleaching compounds in detergent compositions has been restricted hitherto by the relative instability of these compounds both as is and in use. Peroxyacid bleaching compounds lose available oxygen at a significant rate in the presence of free ions of heavy metals such as iron, copper and manganese and also in the presence of moisture, these effects being accelerated at temperatures in excess of about 30.degree. C.
Moisture and free heavy metal ions are unavoidable components of conventional granular detergent compositions. The presence of these components has resulted in only marginally acceptable peroxyacid bleaching compound stability when in such compositions under Northern European summer conditions, where the average maximum temperature over the hottest months is from 21.degree. C. to 25.degree. C. Unacceptable stability is obtained under temperatures higher than this such as are found in the Middle East and Southern Asia and also in Southern Europe where average maximum temperatures are in the 27.degree. C. to 33.degree. C. range for the hottest summer months.
Attempts have been made to increase the stability of peroxyacid bleaching compounds when in detergent formulations with the aim of making them viable components of such formulations. These attempts have tended to concentrate on the protection of the peroxyacid bleaching compounds by coating the crystalline product or by inclusion of stabilising agents during its manufacture, or both.
Phosphate builders may act as heavy metal ion sequestrants, a property which tends to mitigate peroxyacid bleaching compound decomposition in phosphate-built detergent products. The problem of low peroxyacid bleaching compound stability is by contrast particularly significant in compositions which contain only non-phosphate builder systems where the builder compounds may not show great heavy metal ion sequestration ability. Phosphate is often excluded from detergent compositions for reasons of environmental concern.
While it has proved possible to incorporate peroxyacid bleaching compounds in conventional detergent compositions so as to have acceptable peroxyacid bleach stability, over periods reflecting normal product shelf life, these compositions have proved complex and expensive to manufacture. This has restricted their broadscale utilisation, as evidenced by the small number of commercially available products containing peroxyacid bleaching compounds.
Peroxyacid bleaching compounds may be incorporated into detergent compositions by dry addition of the bleaching compound to the remainder
REFERENCES:
patent: 4483781 (1984-11-01), Hartman
patent: 4925585 (1990-05-01), Strauss
patent: 5049298 (1991-09-01), Ploumen
patent: 5055218 (1991-10-01), Getty
patent: 5098598 (1992-03-01), Sankey
Agar Joseph T. H.
Hartshorn Richard T.
Sorrie Graham A.
Albrecht Dennis
Jones Michael D.
Rasser Jacobus C.
The Procter & Gamble & Company
Yetter Jerry J.
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