Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Solid – shaped macroscopic article or structure
Reexamination Certificate
2000-12-05
2002-12-10
Ogden, Necholus (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Solid, shaped macroscopic article or structure
C510S153000, C510S155000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06492321
ABSTRACT:
The invention relates to a synergistic composition of soap/detergent bars for personal/fabric washing, or cleaning of hard surfaces. This invention particularly relates to a low density detergent bar comprising high levels of water and other liquid benefit agents.
Conventional detergent bars, based on soap for personal washing contain over about 70% by weight total fatty matter (TFM), the remainder being water (about 10-20%) and other ingredients such as colour, perfume, preservatives, etc. Structurants and fillers are also present in such compositions in small amounts, which replace some of the soap in the bar while retaining the desired hardness of the bar. A few known fillers include starch, kaolin and talc.
Hard non-milled soaps containing moisture of less than 35% are also available. These bars have a TFM of about 30-65%. The reduction in TFM has been achieved by the use of insoluble particulate materials and/or soluble silicates. Milled bars generally have a water content about 8-15%, and the hard non-milled bars have a water content of about 20-35%.
Fabric washing compositions contain, as an essential ingredient, a surfactant system whose role is to assist in removal of soil from the fabric and its suspension in the wash liquor. Detergent bars require an acceptable physical strength so that they retain their structural integrity during handling, transport and use. The hardness of the bars, at the time of manufacture and subsequently, is an especially important property. Inclusion of certain ingredients to make the bar harder usually results in higher density bars, making the bars considerably smaller and thus less attractive to the consumer and more difficult to handle during fabric washing, and sometimes also gritty to feel. Commercially available detergent bars contain detergent active components and detergent builders together with optional components such as for example abrasives, fillers, perfumes, alkaline salts and bleaching agents.
Commercial hard surface cleaning compositions typically comprise, one or more surfactants and a plurality of abrasives dispersed therein. Combinations of these together with electrolytes are generally used to form a suspending system, as is well known in the art
Increased water structuring of the bars helps in improving the in use properties of the bar without affecting its physical properties in an economical way. It is important to deliver sensory properties such as lather and skin feel by incorporating benefit agents in the formulation without altering the processability and physical properties of the bar.
IN 176384 discloses a detergent composition with low TFM content having high ratio of water to TFM without affecting hardness, cleaning and lathering properties of the bar by the incorporation of up to 20% colloidal aluminium hydroxide (A-gel). The A-gel/TFM combination enabled the preparation of bars with higher water content, whilst using TFM at a lower level. In this patent, although the A-gel concentration disclosed is upto 20% by weight, the demonstration of the invention is restricted to the use of 7.5% by weight A-gel in combination with 40 TFM with an additional structurant such as 5% by weight of alkaline silicate.
Our copending application 811/Bom/98 discloses that the use of A-gel from 9 to 16% by weight of the composition synergistically improves the processability, sensory and physical properties of low TFM bars.
It is an advantage of the invention to be able to formulate high moisture detergent compositions with good processability and improved water retention capacity without affecting in-use properties of the bar.
It is another advantage of the invention to be able to manufacture extruded detergent bars using fatty acids mixtures having Iodine Value (IV) in the range from 0 to 110. It is possible to produce detergent bars using fatty acid mixtures with an IV beyond 70 with good physical properties by an extrusion route without addition of processing aids such as silicates. It has also been possible to structure better and higher levels of liquid benefit agents other than water.
It is another advantage of the invention to be able to formulate low density detergent bars suitable for fabric washing having acceptable physical strength so that they retain their structural integrity during handling, transport and use.
Accordingly, in a first aspect the invention provides a detergent bar composition comprising:
from 5 to 70% by weight of detergent active;
from 0.5 to 30% by weight of amorphous alumina;
from 0.5 to 30% by weight of at least one alkali metal salt of carboxylic/sulphonic acid;
0-60% by weight inorganic particulates;
from 0-30% by weight detergent builder;
from 10 to 55% by weight of water;
optionally other benefit agents; and
the balance being other and minor additives.
According to another aspect of this invention, there is provided a detergent bar composition comprising:
from 15 to 70% by weight of total fatty matter;
from 0.5 to 30% by weight of amorphous alumina;
from 0.5 to 30% by weight of at least one alkali metal salt of carboxylic/sulphonic acid;
from 10 to 55% by weight of water;
optionally other liquid benefit agents; and
the balance being other and minor additives
According to yet another aspect of this invention there is provided a detergent bar composition comprising:
from 10 to 70% by weight of non-soap detergent active;
from 0.5 to 30% by weight of amorphous alumina;
from 0.5 to 30% by weight of at least one alkali metal salt of carboxylic/sulphonic acid;
from 10 to 35% by weight of water;
optionally other liquid benefit agents;
0-60% by weight inorganic particulates;
0-30% by weight detergent builder; and
1-15% by weight sodium aluminosilicate.
The detergent active used in this process may be soap or non-soap surfactants. The term total fatty matter, usually abbreviated to TFM, is used to denote the percentage by weight of fatty acid and triglyceride residues present in soaps without taking into account the accompanying cations.
For a soap having 18 carbon atoms, an accompanying sodium cation will generally amount to about 8% by weight. Other cations may be employed as desired, for example zinc, potassium, magnesium, alkyl ammonium and aluminium.
The term soap denotes salts of carboxylic fatty acids. The soap may be derived from any of the triglycerides conventionally used in soap manufacture—consequently the carboxylate anions in the soap may generally contain from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
The soap may be obtained by saponifying a fat and/or a fatty acid. The fats or oils generally used in soap manufacture may be such as tallow, tallow stearines, palm oil, palm stearines, soya bean oil, fish oil, caster oil, rice bran oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, babassu oil, palm kernel oil, and others. In the above process the fatty acids are derived from oils/fats selected from coconut, rice bran, groundnut, tallow, palm, palm kernel, cotton seed, soybean, castor etc. The fatty acid soaps can also be synthetically prepared (e.g. by the oxidation of petroleum, or by the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by the Fischer-Tropsch process). Resin acids, such as those present in tall oil, may be used. Naphthenic acids are also suitable.
Tallow fatty acids can be derived from various animal sources, and generally comprise about 1-8% myristic acid, about 21-32% palmitic acid, about 14-31% stearic acid, about 0-4% palmitoleic acid, about 36-50% oleic acid and about 0-5% linoleic acid. A typical distribution is 2.5% myristic acid, 29% palmitic acid, 23% stearic acid, 2% palmitoleic acid, 41.5% oleic acid, and 3% linoleic acid. Other similar mixtures, such as those from palm oil and those derived from various animal tallow and lard are also included.
Coconut oil refers to fatty acid mixtures having an approximate carbon chain length distribution of 8% C
8
, 7% C
10
, 48% C
12
, 17% C
14
, 8% C
16
, 2% C
18
, 7% oleic and 2% linoleic acids (the first six fatty acids listed being saturated). Other sources having similar carbon chain length distributions, such as palm kernel oil and babassu kernel oil, are included w
Agrawal Deepak
Benjamin Rajapandian
Chokappa Dhanraj Kalyansundaram
Mhaskar Sudhakar Yeshwant
Koatz Ronald A.
Ogden Necholus
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA , division of Conopco, Inc.
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