Measuring and testing – Liquid analysis or analysis of the suspension of solids in a... – Content or effect of a constituent of a liquid mixture
Patent
1996-08-27
1998-01-06
Williams, Hezron E.
Measuring and testing
Liquid analysis or analysis of the suspension of solids in a...
Content or effect of a constituent of a liquid mixture
436 70, 436177, 128760, G01N 3000
Patent
active
057057397
ABSTRACT:
In most mammals studied, a histogram of the erythrocytes' density of a healthy individual normally has a Gaussian distribution. Gaussian or near-Gaussian distributions may be characterized by their mean, by their standard deviation, and their absence of skewness. A measurement of the erythrocyte density distribution (EDD) in mammalian whole blood which has been anticoagulated with heparin can yield information which is indicative of certain physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions that are characterized by various EDD abnormalities. These abnormalities may include abnormalities in the standard deviation of the EDD; the mean erythrocyte density; and any skewness of the EDD curve. The hematocrit or percent packed red cell volume, which is obtained at the same time as the EDD can also yield information. The EDD measurement is made by providing a sample of heparin anticoagulated whole mammalian blood to which is added a plurality of density markers having known individual specific gravities that are within the range of specific gravity values of mammalian erythrocytes. The blood sample-density marker mixture is centrifuged, and measurements are taken of the location of the density markers within the centrifuged erythrocyte cell pack. These measurements are analyzed to determine the standard deviation of the EDD in the sample; the mean erythrocyte density in the sample; the hematocrit value of the sample; and any skewness in the EDD curve in the sample. The resultant data is compared to empirical data obtained from patient populations with known normal and abnormal medical histories in order to determine whether there is any variation from norm of one or more of the parameters measured which are characteristic of abnormal medical conditions. Alternatively since an erythrocyte's hemoglobin concentration (HC) is the main determinant of an ethrocyte's density, HC measured on a cell counter that determines each erythrocyte's HC may be used as a surrogate for erythrocyte density. Suitable cell counters can also derive HCT from a blood sample.
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Levine Robert A.
Wardlaw Stephen C.
Ashraf Nashmiya
Jones William W.
Williams Hezron E.
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