Aeronautics and astronautics – Spacecraft – Spacecraft formation – orbit – or interplanetary path
Reexamination Certificate
1998-09-14
2001-04-24
Swiatek, Robert P. (Department: 3643)
Aeronautics and astronautics
Spacecraft
Spacecraft formation, orbit, or interplanetary path
Reexamination Certificate
active
06220548
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention pertains generally to thermal radiators and more specifically to thermal radiators on depolyable equipment modules for satellite application.
2. Description of the Related Art
Organizations developing small satellites are faced with dense packaging of on-board equipment and deploying large and light solar arrays from small stowage volumes. The trends in electronics miniaturization, denser component packaging, increasing solar array deployed area-to-stowed volume ratio, and even smaller and lighter satellites and launch vehicles are resulting in a higher ratio of power dissipation to satellite body volume. Electrical power dissipation must ultimately be thermally radiated from a satellite to the space sink by way of external radiating surfaces (radiators), and the inviolate laws of physics dictate the watts per unit area upper limit.
Deployable thermal radiators are components of conventional, but “cutting edge” technology, temperature control systems. In addition to the usual deployment mechanisms, there must be a means to connect radiator and mainbody thermally, conductively either across the rotating joint-hinge line materials (high conductance is not to be expected), or via heat pipe plumbing between radiator and mainbody through a flexible joint. Deployed radiators and associated plumbing are 100% added mass and carry a high total cost per unit area. To minimize mass and cost, they are usually rather precisely sized for their role as part of a conventional satellite active temperature control system. Excess radiator area to provide for a comfortably large hot case margin is a costly luxury not usually or readily obtained. Fluid loops within lightweight deployed radiators are more susceptible to failure as a result of micrometeorite penetration than heat pipes within, and protected by, satellite structure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of this invention is to provide a means for satisfactory temperature control for satellites of high power-to-volume ratios, with nominal external area insufficient for required thermal radiators.
This and other objectives are accomplished by deployed equipment modules for satellite architecture improvement (DEMSAI) which increases the external thermal-radiator area of a satellite and increases the satellite's capacity for high density equipment packaging and total electrical power while providing satisfactory temperature control. This is accomplished by deploying box-shaped structures (modules) stowable within a minimum volume geometry around a “mainbody bus” to accommodate fit into a “small” launch vehicle. Each of the modules' exterior panels can accommodate a radiator surface on its exterior while its interior serves as a mounting deck for equipment packages.
REFERENCES:
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patent: 5027892 (1991-07-01), Bannon et al.
patent: 5441069 (1995-08-01), Moss
patent: 5671791 (1997-09-01), Lapointe
patent: 5806800 (1998-09-01), Caplin
patent: 5931418 (1999-08-01), Eller et al.
Hyman; An Alternative To Deployed Thermal Radiators: Deployed Equipment Modules With Individual Package Temperature ; 11thAIAA/USU Conference On Small Satellites; pp. 1-2; Sep. 1997.
Edelberg Barry A.
Stockstill Charles J.
Swiatek Robert P.
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of
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