Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Patent
1992-03-31
1994-06-07
Page, Thurman K.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
424 46, 424 47, 424 65, 424489, 424DIG5, 424 70, 514 2, 514769, 514772, 514 12, A61K 732, A61K 910, A61K 914, A61K 3702
Patent
active
053187784
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to cosmetic deodorants. Such formulations are used to eliminate body odour which is formed when fresh perspiration, which is odourless per se, is decomposed by microorganisms. The commercial cosmetic deodorants are based on different active principles.
The formation of perspiration can be suppressed by astringents--predominantly aluminum salts such as aluminum hydroxychloride. Apart from the denaturation of the skin proteins, however, the substances used for this purpose interfere drastically in the heat regulation of the axillary region and should at best [lacuna] be used in exceptional cases.
The bacterial flora on the skin can be reduced by antimicrobial substances. Ideally here, only the odour-causing microorganisms should be destroyed. In practice, however, it turns out that the entire microflora of the skin are damaged to the same extent. Occasionally, even the microorganisms which cause no odour are relatively severely damaged.
Finally, body odour can also be concealed by fragrances, the classical method, which, however, is the least able to meet the aesthetic needs of the consumer, as the mixture of body odour and perfume fragrance smells rather unpleasant.
Deodorants should fulfill the following conditions: cosmetic formulations.
Those which are known and usable are both liquid deodorants, for example aerosol sprays, roll-ohs and the like and solid preparations, for example deodorant sticks, powders, powder sprays, intimate cleansers etc.
It was the aim of the present invention to develop cosmetic deodorants which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the deodorants should largely spare the microflora of the skin, but selectively reduce the microorganisms which are responsible for body odour.
It has been found, and in this the object is achieved, that cosmetic deodorants having an effective content of lantibiotics remedy the disadvantages of the prior art.
Lantibiotics have been known for many years. They are polypeptides which are synthesized by microorganisms and are distinguished by the presence of lanthionine in the peptide sequence.
The lanthionines have the following structures: ##STR1## written in another way: ##STR2##
In the lantibiotics, ring structures are formed using these lanthionines.
Examples of lantibiotics are nisin, epidermin, subtilin, cinramycin, duramycin, ancovenin, gallidermin and Pep 5.
The abovementioned substances are known per se and can be found under the Chemical Abstracts registry numbers:
______________________________________ Nisin 1414-45-5
Epidermin 99165-17-0
Subtilin 1393-38-0
Pep 5 110655-58-8
Duramycin 1391-36-2
Ancovenin 88201-41-6
Gallidermin 117978-77-5
______________________________________
Nisin, for example, is a peptide composed of 34 amino acids, which is synthesized by Streptococcus lactis. It acts predominantly against micrococci and coryneforn bacteria. In some countries it is an antibiotic permitted as a foodstuff preservative (not in Germany).
Nisin has the following amino acid sequence (primary structure): ##STR3## where
dhb is dehydrobutyrin
dha is dehydroalanine
aba is aminobutyric acid. pp. 4634-4637 (1971).
The mechanism of action of nisin and of the lantibiotics related to nisin and having substantially the same action can be interpreted as follows: cell walls are destroyed as a result of release of autolysins. As channels are additionally formed in the cytoplasmic membrane, low molecular weight cell constituents can diffuse out, as a result of which the (prokaryotic) cell is destroyed.
The correctness of this interpretation is, however, of no importance for the invention. It is only meant as an attempt to illustrate the microbiological processes.
Eukaryotic cells, i.e. skin cells, fungi etc, are resistant to nisin and other lantibiotics.
Lantibiotics are virtually non-toxic to mammals. The LD50 for nisin, for example, is greater than 7 g/kg (determined for rats and cats).
Investigations of the suitability of antibiotics as deodorants are described in "Seifen-Ole-Fette-
REFERENCES:
patent: 4871539 (1989-10-01), Hata et al.
patent: 4980163 (1990-12-01), Blackburn et al.
patent: 4996055 (1991-02-01), Kurasawa
patent: 5135910 (1992-08-01), Blackburn et al.
Eigener Ulrich
Engel Walter
Sauermann Gerhard
Schmucker Robert
Beiersdorf AG
Page Thurman K.
Spear James M.
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