Dentistry – Apparatus – Having gauge or guide
Patent
1996-11-25
1998-08-25
Wilson, John J.
Dentistry
Apparatus
Having gauge or guide
433173, A61C 300, A61C 800
Patent
active
057977410
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to dental implants and, more particularly, to a dental implant article having an implant body intended to be fitted in a substantially vertical cavity drilled into the jawbone from the upper face (or osseous crest) of the latter.
The invention also relates to a device which is especially designed for fitting the dental implant article.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Implant articles which are currently used consist of a cylindrically shaped implant body fitted by simple insertion or by screwing into the jawbone in the natural axis of the tooth after a pit (or cavity) with the dimension of the implant has been drilled.
However, implants of this type have limited lifetimes, on the one hand because of the anatomy of the jawbones (these bones being formed by a superficial layer of hard bone, referred to as cortical bone, surrounding a much softer spongy bone region) and, on the other hand, because of the large mechanical stresses applied to the cortical bone by these implants as a result of mastication.
With the aim of extending the implant lifetime, an implant article has already been proposed which is designed for producing T-shaped or cross-shaped implants. This article comprises a fluorinated plastic plate which is inserted laterally into the bone via a previously hollowed cavity parallel to the gingival crest, and a rod-shaped implant body intended to be inserted axially into an osseous pit also hollowed beforehand into the jawbone. This pit is positioned in such a way that the plate crosses it. This plate has a tap formed at its center. The implant body is screwed into the tap.
Because of the purchase which it offers on the upper cortical bone, as well as on the lower and outer cortical bones, this T-shaped implant has the advantage of offering an increased support area on the hard bone, making it possible to minimize the pressures exerted on this cortical bone by the implant during mastication. Nevertheless, given that it is necessary to produce lateral cuts which extend far enough to allow the transverse plate to pass through, fitting this known implant is complicated, inexact and above all very damaging to the bone.
Furthermore, this implant design cannot be applied to small implants, or to the cases when an implant is to be installed in a bone with small volume or low density.
In order to solve the drawbacks of various means for lateral attachment of an implant in the jawbone, U.S. Pat. No. 3,981,079 has also proposed to produce one or more tapped transverse passages in the implant, through which self-tapping threaded rods are screwed. To this end, a drilling template is temporarily secured to the implant and a hole is drilled through the bone, which hole extends the said passage on each side of the implant, after which the threaded rod is screwed into the hole and through the tapped passage. This solution is difficult to employ and would require a large number of templates. Above all, however, it is extremely harmful to the bone and does not ever seem to have been put into practice.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention overcomes these drawbacks and its object is, in particular, to propose an implant article for producing an implant which, while bearing on the upper and lateral cortical bones, avoids the drilling of large cavities in the direction transverse to the dental axes.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by the fact that the implant body is provided with at least one bore substantially transverse to its axis; and by the fact that use is made of at least one cylindrical key as the transverse element which makes it possible to support the implant on the lateral cortical bones, the cross-section of which key corresponds substantially to that of the bore of the implant body. This key is intended to be introduced into the jawbone through holes drilled beforehand laterally into this bone. It is intended to be accommodated in the bore of the implant.
Thus, fitting the implant produced by means of the implant article accordin
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patent: 3474537 (1969-10-01), Christensen
patent: 3919772 (1975-11-01), Lenczycki
patent: 3981079 (1976-09-01), Lenczycki
patent: 4872840 (1989-10-01), Bori
patent: 5320529 (1994-06-01), Pompa
patent: 5542847 (1996-08-01), Marguiles
Bonpard Bruno
Mauduech Elisabeth
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