Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Holding or positioning denture in mouth
Patent
1998-10-01
2000-12-26
Lewis, Ralph A.
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Holding or positioning denture in mouth
A61C 800
Patent
active
061649694
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
SCOPE OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an enosseous dental implant which includes a rotationally symmetrical bottom part, a head part and a threaded bore emanating from the head part to accommodate a fastening screw for fastening directly or through a intermediate member a dental crown, and which includes a device for securing the dental crown against twisting on the head part.
STATE OF THE ART
There are known dental implants for a tight-fitting denture consisting of a cylindrical or conical base body having a recess suitable for ingrowth in the jaw on its outside diameter, such as a roughened surface, cylindrical or conical thread, stepped grooves and the like. The head of the implant is polished and has a central bore which is designed as a threaded hole and serves to receive a threaded pin on which the crown is attached (German Patent No 40 28 855 C2, German Patent No. 39 17 690 C2). The crown is secured against twisting by a device connected to the fixation, such as a square or elliptical fitting. The crown is supported in a plane on the implant There is no adaptation of the implant the natural shape of the bone.
It is also known that a spacer sleeve which can be provided between the crown and the head of the implant has a peripheral shoulder on its circumference to which the lower edge of the crown is attached (German Patent application DE-A 195 09 762) The shoulder runs at an inclined angle to the upper edge of the implant head at a distance that varies over its circumference, to thereby achieve an improved adaptation of the transition between the crown and the implant to the anatomical conditions through an appropriate choice of the base height of the shoulder The spacer sleeve here serves as the implant head. It is designed so that it is closed at the bottom and is screwed into the base body of the implant by a thread and it has a central threaded bore to accommodate the threaded pin to which the crown is attached. A centering collar on the lower end of the spacer sleeve is provided with vertical projections which engage in corresponding recesses in the base body and serve to orient the crown and secure it against twisting.
Again with this device, the crown is again supported in one plane without adapting to the natural shape of the bone.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The dental implant according to the invention, as defined in the patent claims, provides for a two-sided taper of the head part which is formed by bevels arranged on both sides of the threaded bore and extending crosswise to the direction of the row of teeth. The bevels form lines of intersection with the circumference of the head part, emanating from the edge areas of an end face of the head part and running at a variable height, corresponding to the shape of the upper edges of the jaw bone. A contact body connected to the crown is adapted to the taper at the upper edge of the head of the implant.
The two-sided taper may be asymmetrical in design. For this purpose, an shallower bevel is provided on the lingual side and a steeper bevel is provided on the bucal side. Lines of intersection of the different bevels with the circumference of the head part extend in this embodiment on both sidles at different heights in accordance with the shape of the jaw bone.
The implant according to the invention permits an improved adaptation to the anatomy of the jaw bone as well as the soft tissue above the bone. Due to the shape of the implant, an adaptation to differences in level between the buccal and lingual heights and the approximate height of the bone is achieved, and a natural upper edge of the jaw bone is reproduced. In this way it is possible to avoid removing of bone tissue to establish a uniform base for the prosthetic system, and the natural bone shape can be mostly preserved and can regrow when the implant heals in. Furthermore, the nature shape of the bone determines the natural shape of the soft tissue, so that an interimplant papillary structure develops.
The shape of the head of the implant, adapted to the differences in
REFERENCES:
patent: 3905109 (1975-09-01), Cohen et al.
patent: 4468200 (1984-08-01), Munch
patent: 5009596 (1991-04-01), Soderberg
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