Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture – Methods – Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
Patent
1988-06-16
1990-03-20
Bleutge, John C.
Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
Methods
Surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
156333, 525276, 525301, 526245, 522120, 522121, C08F25502, C09J 314
Patent
active
049098870
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a bonding agent based on a liquid monomer, a mixture of monomers or a prepolymer containing acrylic, methacrylic or vinyl groups with the addition of acrylic or methacrylic acid as the base mixture, and its application to dentistry.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dental bonding agents are used to form a permanent bond between alloys of high-grade or low-grade metals or ceramics on one hand, and dental plastics on the other. The problem of improving the bond between plastics and dental prosthetic parts made of metal or ceramics is hardly new. Most recently, endeavors have intensified to achieve long-life composites.
As an example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,364,731 discloses a process in which a metal surface is coated by a magnetron sputterer in vacuum with an inorganic layer of silicon dioxide which is separated from the substrate by highly pure quartz glass. A similar method is described in German patent document DE-Cl 34 03 894 wherein the SiO.sub.x C layer is deposited by flame pyrolysis on the metal. However, these recent developments involve substantial equipment.
Another approach to improving the bonding between metal and plastic was based on the insight that additions of acrylic or methacrylic acid to monomers with radical polymerizing double bonds provide excellent adhesion. However, the drawback is incurred that the good bond of such metal-plastic composites is lost before very long due to humidity.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to create a bonding agent allowing a lasting connection between metal and plastic, or between ceramics and plastics, and in particular between dental alloys and acrylate or methacrylate plastics of the types conventionally used in dentistry and dental surgery and wherein this bonding agent will permanently withstand the oral stresses (humidity, changes in temperature and mechanical loads), without boundary gas between the metal and plastics or between ceramics and plastics.
Briefly described, the invention comprises a bonding agent comprising a liquid monomer, a mixture of monomers or a prepolymer containing acrylic, methacrylic or vinyl groups with the addition of acrylic or methacrylic acid as a base mixture and wherein the base mixture additionally contains at least one of (A) a halogen-sulfonated polyolefin and (B) a halogenated acrylate or methacrylate.
The advantages achieved by the invention, essentially, are that, on account of its bonding agent, the bond of liquid monomers, of monomer mixtures or the prepolymer containing radically polymerizing acrylates, methacrylates or vinyl groups with the additions of acrylic or methacrylic acid, will be subjected to only minor moisture losses and therefore a permanent, durable and unchanging composite can be made.
The bond becomes optimal especially when both additives, that is, both the halogen-sulfonated polyolefin and a halogenated acrylate or methacrylate, are mixed in with the base mixture.
Especially suitable halogen-sulfonated polyolefins are the chloro-sulfonated polyolefins, especially of the polyethylene or polypropylene types.
Especially suitable acrylates or methacrylates are the fluorinated mono- or poly-functional acrylates or methacrylates which impart hydrophobic properties to the polymer composite. The following fluorinated monomers provide especially good results: ##STR1## 1,1,5-Trihydro-octafluoropentyl-methacrylate ##STR2## 2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoropropyl-methacrylate ##STR3## also 2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol-dimethacrylate ##STR4## as the crosslinking monomer.
The invention is discussed more comprehensively below with reference to the following Examples.
EXAMPLE 1 (state of the art)
A binary mixture of the following ingredients was prepared:
______________________________________ Component A
70.0 parts of methylmethacrylate
18.5 parts of 1,4-butanedioldimethacrylate
10.5 parts of methacrylic acid
1.5 parts of dibenzoyl peroxide
Component B
70.0 parts of methylmethacrylate
10.0 parts of methacrylic acid
1.0 part of N,N' -dimethy
REFERENCES:
patent: 4107386 (1978-08-01), Gruber
patent: 4112013 (1978-09-01), Briggs
patent: 4113792 (1978-09-01), Pastor
patent: 4127699 (1978-11-01), Aumiller
patent: 4215209 (1980-07-01), Ray-Chaudhuri
patent: 4364731 (1982-12-01), Norling et al.
patent: 4504642 (1985-02-01), Ohmori
Muller Jurgen
Wagenknecht Gunther
Bleutge John C.
Buttner David
Farley Walter C.
GDF Gesellschaft fur Dentale Forschung und Innovationen GmbH
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