Catalyst – solid sorbent – or support therefor: product or process – Catalyst or precursor therefor – Inorganic carbon containing
Patent
1996-02-01
1999-10-26
Bell, Mark L.
Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process
Catalyst or precursor therefor
Inorganic carbon containing
502180, 502416, 502418, 502430, 502432, 502435, 502515, 4234491, B01J 2118, B01J 2002, C01D 300
Patent
active
059728264
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an adsorbent comprising a densified carbon black, and a process for adsorbing a gas with such an adsorbent.
The adsorption of gases is an important component of many industrial processes. The extent of adsorption is dependent on the ability of the adsorbent to contain the gas. The effectiveness of an adsorbent may be judged from several criteria, depending on the application. The adsorption capacity of the adsorbent may be expressed in terms of the adsorption per unit mass of the adsorbent, or in terms of the adsorption capacity per unit volume of the adsorbent. For some applications, such as the adsorptive storage of natural gas, space is a constraint, and so the adsorption capacity per unit volume of the adsorbent is the criterion for measuring its effectiveness. Thus, a good adsorbent should have a high adsorption capacity both on a unit mass basis, as well as on a unit volume basis. The adsorption capacity per unit volume of adsorbent is dependent on the adsorption capacity per unit mass, as well as the bulk density of the adsorbent material. Thus, increasing the bulk density of the adsorbent will cause an increase in adsorption capacity per unit volume of the adsorbent.
A number of carbon adsorbents have been investigated in the past. For example, Mullhaupt, et al., "Carbon Adsorbents For Natural Gas Storage", International Carbon Conference, Jun. 21-26, 1992, discloses the use of active carbon as a methane adsorbent, as well as the use of certain carbon blacks as methane adsorbents.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,999,330 to Bose, et al., describes a densified carbonaceous material for use as a methane adsorbent. As disclosed in this patent, while there is an increase in the density of the adsorbent of from 50% to 200%, the corresponding increase in the adsorption capacity per unit volume of the adsorbent ranges from about 20% to about 100%.
It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide a densified carbon black that exhibits an adsorption capacity per unit volume superior to that shown by undensified carbon blacks.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a process for using such a densified carbon black as an adsorbent for gases.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention meets these and other objects by providing new adsorbents comprising densified carbon blacks. Upon densification, the carbon blacks preferably have an increase in adsorption capacity per unit volume in excess of 100% or more, up to 400% or more, as compared to an undensified carbon black.
The "carbon black" referred to in this invention may be any carbon black, e.g., furnace black, thermal black, lamp black, acetylene black, or a carbon black manufactured by any other means, including carbon black that is formed as a by-product in a process whose primary product is not carbon black. Preferably, the carbon black is a furnace carbon black.
The present invention also provides a process for adsorbing a gas with a densified carbon black adsorbent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plot showing uniaxial densification curves for a carbon black, CB-1, and an activated carbon having a nitrogen BET surface area (SA) of 2050 m.sup.2 /g.
FIG. 2 is a plot showing the methane adsorption capacity per unit volume of undensified, isostatically densified, and uniaxially densified carbon blacks.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
When densification is carried out on carbon black as described below, there is a substantial increase in adsorption capacity per unit volume of the carbon black. One important application of densified adsorbents is in the adsorptive storage of natural gas, the efficacy of the adsorbent being measured by the adsorption capacity for methane, per unit volume of adsorbent, at a specified pressure and room temperature. The adsorption capacity per unit volume of adsorbent can be calculated by adsorbent, and d is the density of the adsorbent pellets. On densifying the material, the density d is increased, and so the adsorption capacity per
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Boes Ralph Ulrich
Ghosal Ranjan
Smith Douglas M.
Bell Mark L.
Cabot Corporation
Hailey Patricia L.
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