Mineral oils: processes and products – Chemical conversion of hydrocarbons – Cracking
Patent
1986-01-06
1989-01-10
McFarlane, Anthony
Mineral oils: processes and products
Chemical conversion of hydrocarbons
Cracking
208 50, C10G 914
Patent
active
047971975
ABSTRACT:
The impediments of the prior art of delayed coking to enhanced hydrocarbons and minimum coke yields by way of pressure, temperature and recycle ratio have been minimized through the use of an interim drum between the heater and the coke drum, called in this invention as the flasher drum, whereby the heater effluent's vapor is separated from its liquid portion which serves as the feed to the coke drum. The vapors from the flasher and coke drums are hence combined and fed to the fractionator for separation of products. This process of separating the coke drum and flasher drum vapors effects the control of hydrocarbon partial pressure and therefore the subsequent controlled vaporization of the heavy hydrocarbons in the coke drum which would otherwise react extensively in repetitive fashion to produce more coke than necessary. Additional heat is furnished to the liquid portion of the flasher drum by way of the various combinations of prescribed rates of hydrogen gas, steam and fuel gas, heated within the same coker heater in a separate coil or through a separate heater. The injection of hydrogen gas for the traditional case of delayed coking accomplishes only a very mild form of hydropyrolysis reaction and moreover, to replenish only the portion which has been lost by flashing in the flasher drum. A more moderate case of hydropyrolysis is possible in the flasher drum by operating at higher hydrogen partial pressure, higher hydrogen comsumption, higher temperature and higher residence time.
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