Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material – Processes
Patent
1991-07-30
1992-05-05
Bagnell, David J.
Mining or in situ disintegration of hard material
Processes
299 57, 299 59, E21D 908
Patent
active
051101882
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shield tunneling method for excavating a deformed section by rotating a plurality of circular cutters, and more particularly, to a deformed shield tunneling method for excavating a deformed section while cutting soil in tangent portions of circles formed between circular cutters, and a tunneling machine for use in the method.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Excavation of a deformed section formed by the combination of circles in addition to excavation of a circular section has recently been carried out in response to the demand for expansion and diversification of the application range of a tunnel. A typical means of such excavation is the shield tunneling method in which a plurality of circular cutters 40 are arranged in combination as shown in FIGS. 6(A-E) and a deformed section is excavated by rotating the circular cutters. However, there is a problem with this method in that soil P in tangent portions of circles formed between the circular cutters cannot be excavated. Although these portions may be excavated later, simultaneous excavation is more effective in the shield tunneling method, and various kinds of techniques for such a simultaneous excavation have been proposed (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 60-43600, 61-221494, 6299597, 63-130895 and 63-134787).
These prior art techniques, however, have the following problems which affect their actually being carried out, and thus they have not been put into practical use yet. In the above prior art, the structure of a tunneling machine is complicated, its application is limited to excavation of a specific deformed section or excavation by the combination of specific circular cutters, and, depending on the soil quality, excavation is sometimes difficult.
With the above problems in view, an object of the present invention is to provide a deformed shield tunneling method capable of cutting tangent portions of circles formed between circular cutters by selecting rocking cutters in accordance with the tangent portions when a deformed section is excavated by the combination of any circular cutters and of excavating by a means having excellent maintainablility and endurance and a simple and strong structure, and to provide a tunneling machine for use in the method.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a deformed shield tunneling method and a tunneling machine therefor which excavate a tunnel surface by rotating a plurality of circular cutters arranged in the front of a front casing of the tunneling machine, and cut soil in tangent portions of circles formed between the circular cutters by rocking cutters mounted opposite to the tangent portions so as to construct a predetermined deformed section. Furthermore, the above method and the tunneling machine therefor allow soil to be retained to prevent the soil in the tangent portions from collapsing by providing protection covers attached to the rocking cutters.
As described above, it is possible to excavate a tunnels surface while completely forming a predetermined deformed section by any combination of circular cutters regardless of the diameter of the cutters. Furthermore, it is possible not only to prevent the soil from collapsing but also to smoothly push the front casing out. In addition, each of the rocking cutters has a simple structure, and therefore they have excellent maintainability and endurance.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a deformed shield tunneling machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the tunneling machine;
FIG. 3 is a view of an almost horseshoe section excavated by the combination of large and small circular cutters;
FIG. 4 is a view explaining the cutting of soil in tangent portions by rocking cutters according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a principal part of the present invention; and
FIGS. 6(A-E) are a conceptual views of examples of circular cutte
REFERENCES:
patent: 2798710 (1957-07-01), Heimaster
patent: 3428363 (1969-02-01), Drescher et al.
patent: 4143919 (1979-03-01), Dawson
Kawai Kazunari
Mitani Norio
Bagnell David J.
Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho
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