Defoliant

Details Defoliant Defoliant

2000-03-09

2001-08-14

Clardy, S. Mark (Department: 1616)

Plant protecting and regulating compositions

Plant growth regulating compositions

Plural active ingredients

C504S139000, C504S165000, C504S170000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06274535

ABSTRACT:

The invention relates to the field of defoliants, in particular mixtures comprising thidiazuron and their use in crops of cotton.
Thidiazuron has been known for some time as a defoliant, in particular for use in crops of cotton (see, for example, “The Pesticide Manual”, 11th edition, British Crop Protection Council, Farnham 1997).
The use of thidiazuron in mixtures has also been described, see, for example, DE-A 26 46 712.
However, since the economical and ecological demands placed on modern defoliants are constantly being increased, for example with respect to effect, application rate, residues, toxicity and favorable manufacturing, there is the permanent task of developing, for example by combining known active ingredients, novel defoliants which offer, at least in some areas, advantages compared with the known defoliants.
Surprisingly, it has now been found that thidiazuron and mixtures of thidiazuron and diuron which are already in commercial use have synergistic effects when mixed with cyclanilide or cyclanilide/ethephon.
The invention therefore provides a mixture, comprising
(A) thidiazuron or thidiazuron and diuron and
(B) cyclanilide or cyclanilide and ethephon.
The mixtures according to the invention are suitable in particular for use as defoliants in crops of cotton, for example by rapid and/or increased activity or reduced application rates. For the purposes of the invention, the term defoliant is synonymous with “desiccant” and also embraces the known growth-regulating effect of thidiazuron and of mixtures comprising thidiazuron.
The active ingredients (a.i.) used are known and commercially available, thidiazuron, cyclanilide and ethephon from Aventis Crop Science, France, and diuron from Griffin, USA.
The active ingredients, with specifications about their preparation, mixing and handling, are described, for example, in “The Pesticide Manual” (see above), under the following entry numbers: Thidiazuron 703, Diuron 260, Cyclanilide 170 and Ethephon 281.
Mixtures of thidiazuron and diuron are commercially available under the name Drop Ultra® (Aventis Crop Science, France). Such mixtures are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,613,354.
The preferred component (A) is thidiazuron. The preferred component (B) is cyclanilide.
The combination of the active ingredients can be used in a manner which is customary per se, for example by spray application of a spray liquor prepared from individual formulations of the active ingredients in a tank mix or of a spray liquor prepared from a mixed formulation of the active ingredients by dilution with water. Methods which are suitable for the application are in particular those which are customary for the application of the individual active ingredients and which allow joint application.
In principle, application can also be carried out by successive applications of the individual active ingredients, where the possible interval can be determined in simple preliminary routine trials. However, preference is given to joint application. If appropriate, the active ingredients can also be used in combination with other active crop protection agents.
Having the same effect, the application rate of an individual active ingredient in the combination is considerably reduced compared with the application rate of the individual active ingredient in question when used on its own. The optimum choice of the ratio by weight and the application rates depends, for example, on the development stage, on environmental factors and climatic conditions or else on the type of the active crop protection agents which are additionally employed, if appropriate, and can be determined quickly by the person skilled in the art in simple routine trials.
The application rate of the component (A) is generally in the range from 1 to 500 g of active ingredient (=a.i.)/ha.
For thidiazuron, it is preferably in the range from 10 to 500 g of a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 10 to 300 g of a.i./ha, very particularly preferably from 20 to 200 g of a.i./ha, in particular from 20 to 150 g of a.i./ha.
In the case of thidiazuron/diuron mixtures (typically in a ratio by weight of 2:1), the application rate is generally in the range from 10 to 500 g of a.i./ha, preferably from 15 to 300 g of a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 20 to 200 g of a.i./ha, very particularly preferably from 30 to 200 g of a.i./ha, in particular from 30 to 150 g of a.i./ha.
The application rates of the component (B) can be varied within wide limits and are generally between 0.1 and 5000 g of a.i./ha.
Preferred application rates of the component (B) are, for example:
Cyclanilide:
From 40 to 400 g of a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 90 to 240 g of a.i./ha.
Cyclanilide/ethephon Mixture (typically 1:8):
From 500 to 4000 g of a.i./ha, particularly preferably from 800 to 2500 g of a. i./ha.
The ratios by weight of the components (A): (B) can vary within wide limits, they are usually between 1:100 and 100:1.
The approximate ratio (A): (B) is preferably
for cyclanilide 0.1-2:1, particularly preferably 1:2;
for cyclanilide/ethephon: 0.1-2:1.
The invention also provides defoliants, i.e. compositions for effecting leaf abscission of plants, comprising the combinations of the active ingredients (A) and (B) and customary formulation auxiliaries.
The combinations according to the invention and their individual active ingredients can be formulated in various ways, depending on the prevailing biological and/or chemico-physical parameters. Examples of possible suitable formulations are: wettable powders (WP), water-soluble powders (SP), water-soluble concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates (EC), emulsions (EW), such as oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, sprayable solutions, suspension concentrates (SC), oil- or water-based dispersions, solutions which are miscible with oils, capsule suspensions (CS), dusts (DP), granules (GR) in the form of microgranules, spray granules, coated granules and adsorption granules, water-dispersible granules (WG), water-soluble granules (SG), ULV (ultra-low-volume) formulations, microcapsules and WSBs (water-soluble bags).
These individual types of formulation are known in principle and are described, for example, in: Winnacker-Küchler, “Chemische Technologie” [Chemical Technology], Volume 7, C. Hauser Verlag Munich, 4th Ed. 1986, Wade van Valkenburg, “Pesticide Formulations”, Marcel Dekker, N.Y., 1973; K. Martens, “Spray Drying” Handbook, 3rd Ed. 1979, G. Goodwin Ltd. London.
The formulation auxiliaries required, such as inert materials, surfactants, solvents and other additives are also known and are described, for example, in: Watkins, “Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers”, 2nd Ed., Darland Books, Caldwell N.J., H.v. Olphen, “Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry”; 2nd Ed., J. Wiley & Sons, N.Y.; C. Marsden, “Solvents Guide”; 2nd Ed., Interscience, N.Y. 1963; McCutcheon's “Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual”, MC Publ. Corp., Ridgewood N.J.; Sisley and Wood, “Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents”, Chem. Publ. Co. Inc., N.Y. 1964; Schönfeldt, “Grenzflächenaktive Äthylenoxidaddukte” [Surface-active ethylene oxide adducts], Wiss. Verlagsgesell., Stuttgart 1976; Winnacker-Küchler, “Chemische Technologie” [Chemical Technology], Volume 7, C. Hauser Verlag Munich, 4th Ed. 1986.
Based on these formulations, it is also possible to prepare combinations with other crop protection agents, such as, for example, insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, fungicides, safeners, other growth regulators and/or fertilizers, for example in the form of a ready mix or a tank mix.
Wettable powders are preparations which are uniformly dispersible in water and which, besides the active ingredient, also comprise ionic and/or nonionic surfactants (wetting agents, dispersants), for example polyethoxylated alkylphenols, polyethoxylated fatty alcohols, polyoxethylated fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, alkanesulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium 2,2′-dinaphthylmethane-6,6′-disulfonate,

Affiliated with

Also associated with

Rating

Defoliant does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Defoliant, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Defoliant will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2448334