Distillation: apparatus – Apparatus – Systems
Patent
1985-08-05
1987-05-12
Bashore, S. Leon
Distillation: apparatus
Apparatus
Systems
202180, 202181, 202197, 202205, 202235, 202185R, 203 11, 203 40, 203 91, 203DIG14, 203DIG17, 159DIG40, B01D 310
Patent
active
046647511
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1.) Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a de-salinator for brackish- or salt-water which is particularly useful for, but not limited to, marine applications.
(2.) Brief Description of the Prior Art
The marine de-salinators presently available have a number of problem areas. Firstly, they use electric pressure pumps to operate the eductors. These pumps require generators and/or alternators driven by the main and/or auxiliary engines of the watercraft for their power. As the engines must operate at, e.g. 3000 rpm to provide sufficient power, fuel is wasted when the engines are run at those speeds solely to generate electricity for the pumps. Secondly, the pumps drive the eductors under pressure and bypass valves must be provided in an attempt to maintain the pressures in the eductors at a substantially constant value, therefore maintaining the condensation production rate at a constant. Thirdly, the "still"-type de-salinators require regular descaling and have a low output of fresh water while the osmosis-type require careful operation on startup to prevent membrane damage.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a de-salinator which avoids the need for generators and/or alternators to power the pumps.
It is a preferred object to provide a de-salinator which can be operated over the full operating range of the engine(s).
It is a further preferred object to provide a de-salinator where the eductors are powered by suction pumps which prevent overloading of the eductors.
It is a still further preferred object to provide a de-salinator which will operate at relative low heating temperatures.
It is a still further preferred object to provide a de-salinator where the de-salinator chamber is manufactured from fibreglass or other suitable plastics material.
Other preferred objects will become apparent from the following description.
In one aspect, the invention resides in a de-salinator for brackish- or salt-water of the type including:
a de-salination chamber;
a heat exchanger in the lower portion of the chamber to boil the brackish or salt-water;
at least one condensor coil in the upper portion of the chamber to condense the de-salinated water vapour generated by the boiling water;
at least one baffle between the heat exchanger and the condensor coils; and
at least one outlet for the condensed de-salinated water from the chamber, wherein:
the condensor coil or coils are cooled by the water drawn from the supply of the brackish- or salt-water by a suction pump, and the water from the condensor coil or coils is drawn through an eductor which is connected to the chamber to produce at least a partial vacuum in the chamber.
Preferably a second eductor, powered by a second suction pump, is provided to draw off the desalinated water from the chamber. Preferably the suction pump draws fresh water from a fresh water tank, in which the de-salinated water is stored, to power the eductor.
Preferably the first eductor also draws off concentrated brine from the bottom of the de-salination chamber.
Preferably the first eductor is also connected to the overflow outlet for the chamber to draw off any excess water in the chamber.
Preferably, when the engine driving the suction pumps is switched off, air is bled into the chamber to return it to atmospheric pressure.
Preferably the heat exchanger receives hot water from the engine driving the suction pumps, or from a solar heat water collector.
Preferably a portion of the brackish water or salt-water, after it has been heated in the condensor coils, is fed into the de-salination chamber to maintain the water level in the chamber at a desired level.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
To enable the invention to be fully understood, a preferred embodiment will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective front view of the de-salination chamber and a schematic view of the associated circuit for a marine application;
FIG. 2 is a sectional en
REFERENCES:
patent: 2078377 (1937-04-01), Fox et al.
patent: 2643974 (1953-06-01), Impagliazzo
patent: 3248305 (1966-04-01), Williamson
patent: 3725206 (1973-04-01), Foley
patent: 3796640 (1974-03-01), Boomer
patent: 3864215 (1975-02-01), Arnold
patent: 4118283 (1978-10-01), Diggs
patent: 4318781 (1982-03-01), Iida
Bashore S. Leon
Manoharan V.
Nautical Services Pty. Ltd.
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