Damper device, of the type with hydrostatic compression of elast

Details Damper device, of the type with hydrostatic compression of elast Damper device, of the type with hydrostatic compression of elast

1997-05-15

1998-11-03

Oberleitner, Robert J.

Brakes

Internal-resistance motion retarder

Using yieldable or fluent solid or semisolid

188312, 267 6413, F16F 920, F16F 930

Patent

active

058295569

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The subject of the invention is a device forming a damper and/or damper spring of the type using at least one piston which moves in a cylinder filled with an elastomeric gum which is captive under pressure and the damping/return effect of which is essentially provided by the compression of the elastomer and its lamination in the cylinder during the displacement of the piston.
2. Description of Related Art
In this type of device of the prior art, the principle of which, for better understanding of the invention, has been illustrated with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2, the penetration of the piston provided with the reference 1 and constituted by the piston rod 2 and the plunger or the piston head 3, moves inside a cylinder chamber 4 enclosing a high viscosity elastomer.
The rod 2, 2' of the piston slides in a sealed manner in a guide bush 5 (FIG. 1) formed in the rear portion of the chamber, or in two guide bushes 5, 5' (FIG. 2) provided at the two ends of the chamber. At 6 there is indicated the filler valve allowing the chamber 4 to be filled before it is used for the first time.
When the piston 1 moves in the cylinder 4, the piston head 3 divides the chamber into two portions 4a, 4b, 4'a, 4'b which communicate through an annular passage 7 or through escape ports (not shown) provided in the plunger, forming a path for the escape and lamination of the elastomer.
With the type of elastomer used, and for the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, in which the piston rod 2 does not traverse from side to side of the chamber 4, it will be noted that for a pressure varying, for example, between 1 and 4,000 bar, the reduction in volume of the elastomer may be of the order of 15%.
In the embodiment in FIG. 2, in which the piston rod 2' traverses from side to side of the chamber 4 which is blocked at its two ends by the guide bushes 5, 5' respectively, there is no modification of the volume during the actuation of the piston.
The penetration of the piston, under static or dynamic stress, simultaneously causes hydraulic friction at the level of the circulation of the elastomer from the chamber 4a to the chamber 4b, and solid friction at the level of the piston 2, 2' and the bushes 5,5' under the action of the pressure of the sealing gaskets (not shown) which act on the piston.
The solid friction becomes greater as the pressure increases. The hydraulic friction produced by the lamination of the elastomer through the annular plunger/reservoir clearance or through the passages provided in the piston, becomes greater as the speed of displacement of the piston increases.
In the embodiment in FIG. 1, if the stress F on the piston rod 2 decreases or ceases, the elastomer relaxes and brings the piston back towards its original position. The complete return is effected by means of the initial pressure which serves, among other things, to overcome the solid friction.
The operation of such a damper device also forming a return spring may be determined precisely by calculation or experimentation and depending in particular: viscosity), cylinder in which it slides,
In the embodiment in FIG. 2, in view of the fact that the penetration of the piston rod 2' in one direction or the other does not modify the volume remaining to the elastomer in the chamber 4, there is no "return spring" function, the device functioning symmetrically according to whether the force is applied to the device in the direction of the arrow F or in the direction of the arrow F'.
But such devices do not make it possible to produce a stress transition, especially as a function of the speed.
The object of the invention is to modify the existing systems by allowing them to react in very different ways depending on the piston/cylinder displacement speeds to which they may be subjected.
In order to modify the operation of the damper device according to the shocks which it has to absorb and which are of a greater or lesser magnitude, it is already known to provide passage ports in the piston for the gum, which ports may

REFERENCES:
patent: 3053526 (1962-09-01), Kendall
patent: 3368697 (1968-02-01), Carlsar
patent: 3831626 (1974-08-01), Peddinghaus
patent: 4867286 (1989-09-01), Tayla
patent: 5207300 (1993-05-01), Engel et al.
patent: 5265392 (1993-11-01), Pedrocco
patent: 5277283 (1994-01-01), Yauraoka et al.

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