Internal-combustion engines – Cooling – With jacketed head and/or cylinder
Patent
1980-05-08
1983-03-29
Feinberg, Craig R.
Internal-combustion engines
Cooling
With jacketed head and/or cylinder
123 4174, F02F 136
Patent
active
043779905
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a cylinder head, manufacturable by the die-casting method, for water-cooled internal combustion engines with an in-line cylinder arrangement, with a plurality of niche-shaped water galleries connectable to the cooling jacket of the cylinder block, connected by cross channels and by a lateral longitudinal channel with one another.
In a known die-cast cylinder head of this design (German Offenlegungsschrift No. 21 13 840), the niche-type water galleries extend into the cylinder head from various directions. A portion of the water galleries is enclosed by a flange of the intake and/or exhaust system, designed as a cover, while another part of the water galleries must be enclosed in a cumbersome manner by a plurality of individual force-fitted cover plates. The cylinder head also has a considerable water content, which results in a high operating weight, a long warm-up time, and locally small water flow rates. Furthermore, the bores for the cylinder head bolts are disposed irregularly about the combustion chambers, and additional force-fitted cover plates or plugs are required to seal the cross channels, which run crosswise through some of these bores.
The goal of the invention is to provide a cylinder head of the aforementioned type, manufacturable by the die-casting method, which permits efficient cooling of points exposed to high heat stress with a low water content, and can be manufactured in a simple and economical fashion.
This goal is achieved by the invention in that all niche-shaped water galleries of the cylinder head are deformable at the cylinder head-cylinder block interface, and are disposed essentially around combustion chambers, the upper limit of the longitudinal channel being the highest point of the water galleries and the channels, and the longitudinal channel comprising a water outlet. The design according to the invention eliminates a great many of the water galleries which must be sealed off from the outside, with a high water content. Moreover, with bored cross channels, the inlet openings need be sealed only by plugs, covers, or flanges on the intake or exhaust manifold, which does not necessitate great expense. The cross channels and longitudinal channel used to carry away the cooling water produces a pronounced cross flow of the cooling water through the cylinder head.
Indeed, a cylinder head is already known (German Offenlegungsschrift No. 27 56 006), which is provided only with water galleries in the shape of ring segments that are open only toward the cylinder head gasket side, and an elevated longitudinal channel, but in this cylinder head, no cross channels with an improved cooling action are provided, and the cooling water is essentially conducted only lengthwise through the cylinder head, so that local temperature peaks develop.
According to a disclosed, preferred embodiment of the present invention the cylinder head is provided with bores for cylinder head bolts, four of the bores are associated with each combustion chamber such that they are located roughly on a circle about its center, two adjacent combustion chambers each have two bores in common, and each two niche-shaped water chambers are located essentially on an imaginary connecting line running at right angles to the row of combustion chambers, whereby they are each adjacent to one of the bores for cylinder head bolts and at least one combustion chamber. Such an arrangement according to the invention produces good cooling of adjacent or sequential parts of the combustion chambers and cylinders, especially in internal combustion engines with extremely small distances between the cylinders, or with cylinder sleeves which are cast in one piece. According to a further feature of the disclosed, preferred embodiment the cylinder head is provided with a cross channel running between two adjacent combustion chambers and an additional cross channel which runs parallel thereto, between inlet and outlet valves of the cylinder head, and wherein a cross channel is
REFERENCES:
patent: 2230225 (1941-02-01), Anderson
patent: 2298213 (1942-10-01), Jardine
patent: 2339972 (1944-01-01), Anderson et al.
patent: 3942487 (1976-03-01), Zink
patent: 4131093 (1978-12-01), Mansfield
Bayerische Motoren Werke A.G.
Feinberg Craig R.
Wolfe W. R.
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