Cyclone separator

Details Cyclone separator Cyclone separator

1986-05-14

1988-08-16

Sever, Frank

Liquid purification or separation

Processes

Separating

209144, 209211, 2105121, B01D 17038

Patent

active

047642874

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a cyclone separator comprising at least a primary portion having generally the form of a volume of revolution having a first end and a second end the diameter at said second end being less than the diameter at said first end, a single inlet with at least a tangential component at or adjacent said first end for introducing feed to be separated into the cyclone separator and the separator further including at least two outlets.
In one form of the cyclone separator of the invention the following relationship applies: wherein d.sub.i is the diameter of the primary portion at the inlet, d.sub.2 is the diameter of the second end of the said primary portion, d.sub.i is greater than d.sub.2 and is twice the radius from the cyclone separator axis to the mean point when flow enters the cyclone separator and is greater than d.sub.i, and A.sub.i is the area of the inlet where flow enters the cyclone separator measured in the plane including the cyclone axis and the said mean point of flow entry then: ##EQU1## is from 3 to 12 and preferably from 4 to 10 and more preferably from 6 to 8. The above term will be termed the "swirl coefficient" and is discussed in more detail later.
The cyclone separator may further include a generally axially symmetrical secondary portion at the aforementioned second end of and substantially coaxial with the primary portion. In another form the separator may further include a tertiary portion at the end of and substantially coaxial with said secondary portion remote from the primary portion. It will be appreciated that the separator could also include additional portions to that described above.
In one particular form of the invention wherein d.sub.2 which is the diameter of the primary portion at the aforementioned second end measured at a point z.sub.2 where the condition first applies that: ##EQU2## for all z>z.sub.2 where z is the distance along the cyclone separator axis downstream of the inlet.
Preferably the inlet gives into an inward spiralling feed channel which may be involute in form. In one form the feed channel subtends at least 360.degree. at the cyclone axis. The feed channel may also converge by substantially equal radial decrements per unit angle around the axis. The inlet may enter the cyclone with a component in the axial downstream direction.
In another form of the invention, the cyclone separator is defined as follows. The cyclone separator has a primary portion having generally the form of a volume of revolution with a single inlet (preferably tangential, and preferably with an inwards spiralling feed channel such as an involute entry) for introducing feed to be separated into the cyclone separator and, adjacent to the primary portion and substantially coaxial therewith, a generally axially symmetrical secondary portion converging (preferably uninterruptedly) into a tertiary portion. The primary portion may have an axial overflow outlet opposite the secondary portion (i.e. in its end wall). In the cyclone separator, the following relationships (i)-(v) apply: where d.sub.1 is the diameter of the cyclone in the primary portion where flow enters (but neglecting any feed channel), d.sub.i is twice the radius at which flow enters the cyclone (i.e. twice the minimum distance of the tangential component of inlet centreline from the axis), A.sub.i is the cross-sectional area of the inlet at entry to the cyclone in a plane parallel to the axis of the cyclone and perpendicular to the component of the inlet centreline not parallel to the cyclone axis, d.sub.2 is the diameter of the cyclone where the primary portion joins the secondary portion the point of junction being defined as being at the axial positions z.sub.2 (measured away from the inlet plane) where the condition first applies that: ##EQU3## for all z>z.sub.2 where d is the cyclone diameter at z, tertiary section and is defined as the diameter at z.sub.3 where d/d.sub.3 >0.98 for all z>z.sub.3, d.sub.o is the minimum internal diameter of the

REFERENCES:
patent: 2377524 (1945-06-01), Samson et al.
patent: 2735547 (1956-02-01), Vissac
patent: 4576724 (1986-03-01), Colman et al.

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