Cyclone separator

Details Cyclone separator Cyclone separator

1999-06-03

2001-04-10

Simmons, David A. (Department: 1724)

Gas separation

Deflector

With heating or cooling means

C055S434400, C055S459100, C138S107000, C138S155000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06214075

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention is directed to a cyclone separator, particularly for direct heat transmission from the hot exhaust gasses of a rotary tubular kiln/cyclone suspension type heat exchanger for cement clinker manufacture onto the raw cement meal, having tangential delivery of gas and raw meal, product discharge in the lower cyclone area and having an immersion pipe for gas elimination that is composed of a plurality of segments, which immersion pipe, projects centrally from above into the cyclone separator and is suspended at the cyclone ceiling, whereby the immersion pipe segments have their upper end releasably connected by screw bolts to the gas withdrawal conduit insulated by a refractory lining.
In systems for manufacturing cement clinker from raw cement meal, the raw meal is thermally treated by pre-heating, calcining, sintering and cooling, whereby the exhaust gas stream of the sintering unit and the exhaust air stream of the cooling unit from the clinker cooler are utilized, either separately or in common, for the calcination of the raw meal in a calcining unit supplied with fuel that is still located outside the sintering furnace. The preheating unit is usually composed of a plurality of suspension type heat exchanger cyclones arranged above one another through which the raw cement meal successively migrates in a combined co-current, counter-current stream relative to the hot exhaust gas of the calcining unit or, respectively, of the rotary tubular kiln. The product material pre-calcined in the calcining unit is thereby separated from the hot gas in the lowest cyclone of the cyclone suspension type heat exchanger system and is introduced into the rotary tubular kiln. It is self-evident that the hot gas cyclones of the cyclone suspension type heat exchanger line, particularly the lowest cyclone that comes into contact with hot gas and hot meal having a temperature of, for example, 700 through 950° C., are exposed to a high mechanical, chemical and thermal stressing and, thus, to high thermo-chemical and abrasive wear. This is especially true of the immersion pipe centrally projecting from above into the cyclone separator.
Given a cyclone separator exposed to these high stresses, it is therefore already known (DE-C-32 28 902) to compose the immersion pipe of a plurality of segments and to suspend the immersion pipe segments at the cyclone ceiling with a hook-shaped fashioning or to releasably connect the immersion pipe-segments with radially arranged screw bolts to the gas discharge conduit of the cyclone that is insulated by a refractory lining, in order to avoid deformations at the immersion pipe cladding even given high, thermal alternating stresses, and in order to be able to replace individual immersion pipe segments with comparatively little time and work expenditure, in case of wear. However, the screwed connections of the immersion pipe segments were thereby not protected against the thermo-chemical stresses, with the consequence that the risk was not precluded that the screwed connection unscrewed after a certain time, after which, given the lack of further safety measures, the appertaining immersion pipe segment could drop down into the cyclone separator.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is therefore based on an object of creating a cyclone separator with segmented immersion pipe for cement clinker manufacturing systems with a cyclone suspension type heat exchanger system, wherein the releasable immersion pipe segment fastening arrangement is dependable and is characterized by a long service life.
This object is inventively achieved in accordance with the features of the invention described below.
What is characteristic of the inventive cyclone separator with segmented immersion pipe, whereby the immersion pipe segments have their upper ends releasably connected by approximately radially arranged screw bolts to the cyclone ceiling or, respectively, to the cyclone gas withdrawal conduit, is that the screw bolts are arranged in spacer sleeves arranged distributed around the circumference of the immersion pipe that outwardly (i.e., lying radially at the outside) respectively comprise at least one window-like opening for the access or inlet of ambient air as a coolant for the fastening arrangement of the immersion pipe segment. What this design achieves is that the screw bolts can conduct and eliminate the high temperatures acting proceeding from the inside of the immersion pipe, which high temperatures can amount to about 900° C. without further ado in the lower region of a cyclone suspension type heat exchanger system of a cement clinker manufacturing system given hot gas cyclones, into the ambient air, as cooling air, accessible through the window-like openings of the spacer sleeves. It would also be possible to provide the inside space of the spacer sleeves, together with the screw bolts, with forced aeration by a blower or the like through the window-like openings, as well as, potentially, to even provide the inside space with an admission and discharge for a liquid coolant.
According to a further feature of the invention, the head of the screw bolt arranged at the inside of the immersion pipe, in a corresponding recess of the immersion pipe segment, as well as in the spacer sleeve, is respectively covered by a cover, so that the screw bolts are protected against mechanical and thermo-chemical stresses proceeding from this side. Overall, a long service life of the inventive, releasable fastening arrangement of the immersion pipe segments of a thermo-chemically highly stressed cyclone separator thereby derives, particularly for the hot zones of a cyclone suspension type heat exchanger line.
According to a further feature of the invention, the immersion pipe segments can comprise outwardly angularly projecting projections with a hook-shaped cross section at their upper end with which the immersion pipe segments engage into a web that extends upward from the inside of the spacer sleeves. This combined fastening of the immersion pipe segments offers a high degree of dependability for the fastening arrangement. Further, assembly is facilitated when the segments are hooked in first, as a result whereof the weight of the segments is relieved, for when the suspended immersion pipe segments are subsequently aligned and screwed.
For connecting two respective immersion pipe segments arranged next to one another and under one another, i.e., a total of four immersion pipe segments, a retainer plate having four transverse bolts that are plugged through four corresponding holes in the four adjoining comers of the immersion pipe segments and covering the crossing-joint region at one side of the segments, can be arranged in the crossing-joint region in which two immersion pipe segments neighboring side-by-side and two immersion pipe segments arranged therebelow adjoin one another, whereby cross-bolts for securing the retainer plates are then secured on the four transverse bolts that have been plugged through.


REFERENCES:
patent: 1844369 (1932-02-01), Ross
patent: 1916762 (1933-07-01), Hinsch
patent: 3273320 (1966-09-01), Delaune et al.
patent: 4505051 (1985-03-01), Herchenbach et al.
patent: 4651783 (1987-03-01), Christiansen
patent: 4956090 (1990-09-01), Robinson
patent: 5441081 (1995-08-01), Maury
patent: C-32 28 902 (1987-05-01), None

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