Liquid purification or separation – Tangential flow or centrifugal fluid action
Patent
1989-12-11
1991-09-17
Hart, Charles
Liquid purification or separation
Tangential flow or centrifugal fluid action
210788, B01D 17038
Patent
active
050492772
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to Cyclone Separators.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention there is provided a cyclone separator for separating liquid components in a mixture thereof and having an elongate separating chamber in the form of a surface of revolution which over at least a substantial portion thereof exhibits a taper, from a location towards one larger diameter end of the separating chamber to a location towards another smaller diameter end thereof, the separating chamber being provided with inlet means in the form of at least one inlet disposed at or adjacent said one end of the separating chamber and arranged for inflow of the liquid to the separated into the separating chamber with a tangential component of motion, the separator having an axial overflow outlet at said one end thereof and an axial underflow outlet at said other end, said portion having a taper such that, when viewed in axial section, tangents thereto at substantially all locations along the length thereof make a taper angle in the range 11/2.degree. to 3.degree. to the axis of the separating chamber, and wherein the following relationships also apply:
where d.sub.1 is the diameter of the said separating chamber where flow enters, preferably in an inlet portion at said one end of said separating chamber, (but neglecting any feed channel) d.sub.ix is twice the radius at which flow enters the cyclone through the x.sup.th inlet (i.e., twice the minimum distance of the tangential component of the inlet centre line from the axis) and ##EQU1## where A.sub.ix is the projection of the cross sectional area of x.sup.th inlet measured at entry to the cyclone separator in a plane parallel to the axis of the cyclone separator which is normal to the plane, also parallel to the cyclone axis which contains the tangential component of the inlet centre line, and where: ##EQU2## In the case where the separating chamber has no substantial part over which the said taper angle is equal to or less than 3.degree., other than a portion over which this taper angle is substantially zero, the parameter d.sub.2 is undefined. Where the separating chamber, possibly with a part adjacent said one end which has substantially zero taper, has a part over which the taper angle varies from a value greater than 3.degree. to a value equal to or less than 3.degree., d.sub.2 is defined as the diameter of the separating chamber at the lengthwise location at which the taper angle first becomes so equal to or less than 3.degree. i.e., d.sub.2 is the diameter of the separating chamber measured at the point z.sub.2 where the condition first applies that ##EQU3## for all z>z.sub.2 where z is the distance along the cyclone separator axis downstream of the plane containing the inlet is located (or considered to be located as next described herein if there is more than one inlet) and d is the diameter of the cyclone at z. Generally, where there are "x" inlets, the point z=0 is the axial position of the weighted areas of the inlets such that the injection of angular momentum into the cyclone separator is equally distributed axially about said axial position where z=0 and being defined by: ##EQU4## where z.sub.x is the axial position of the x.sup.th inlet.
The said portion may be straight sided, or exhibit a variation in taper over its length, such as wherein the aforedescribed taper angle varies from a relatively greater angle at locations towards said one end of the separating chamber to a relatively lesser angle at locations towards said another end.
In one construction, the tapered portion extends over substantially the whole length of the separating chamber. In other constructions, the separating chamber may be provided, adjacent said one end thereof, with an inlet portion into which the or each said inlet extends, the inlet portion being substantially cylindrical.
The overall length of the separator may be in the range 10 to 20 times the diameter of the separating chamber at such one end, such as 14 times such diameter. The underflow outlet may have a diameter in the
REFERENCES:
patent: 3437205 (1969-04-01), Condolois
patent: 3616909 (1971-11-01), Lowery et al.
patent: 4237006 (1980-12-01), Colman et al.
patent: 4371382 (1983-02-01), Ross
patent: 4849107 (1989-07-01), Thew
Conoco Specialty Products Inc.
Hart Charles
Holder John E.
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