Cyanoacrylate compositions comprising an indicator

Details Cyanoacrylate compositions comprising an indicator Cyanoacrylate compositions comprising an indicator

1999-08-09

2001-12-11

Wu, Shean C. (Department: 1721)

Compositions

Liquid crystal compositions

Cholesteric liquid crystal composition containing a sterol...

C252S299010, C252S299500, C374S162000, C600S549000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06328910

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
This invention is directed to cyanoacrylate prepolymer compositions comprising encapsulated temperature sensitive indicators. These compositions provide for in situ formation of polymeric cyanoacrylate films on mammalian skin which films are useful for monitoring the temperature, temperature differentials and temperature patterns of mammalian skin.
This invention is also directed to methods and kits for monitoring mammalian skin temperature by use of such compositions.
REFERENCES
The following publications, patent applications and patents are cited in this application as superscript numbers:
1 Hawkins, et al., Surgical Adhesive Compositions, U.S. Pat. No. 3,591,676, issued Jul. 6, 1971
2 Halpen, et al., Adhesive for Living Tissue, U.S. Pat. No. 3,667,472, issued Jun. 6, 1972
3 McIntire, et al., Process for the Preparation of Poly(&agr;-Cyanoacrylates), U.S. Pat. No. 3,654,239, issued Apr. 4, 1972
4 Leplyanin, Medical and Surgical Adhesive Composition and Process for Its Preparation, International Application Publication No. WO 96123532 published Aug. 8, 1996
5 Bolduc, “Aerosol Spray System”, U.S. Pat. No. 5,154,320, issued Oct. 13, 1992
6 Otake, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,183,684
7 Rabinowitz, et al., Method of Surgically Bonding Tissue Together, U.S. Pat. No. 3,527,224, issued Sep. 8, 1970
8 Kronenthal, et al., Surgical Adhesives, U.S. Pat. No. 3,995,641, issued Dec. 7, 1976
9 Davydov, et al., Medical Adhesive, U.S. Pat. No. 4,035,334, issued Jul. 12, 1977
10 Waniczek, et al., Stabilized Cyanoacrylate Adhesives Containing Bis-Trialkylsilyl Esters of Sulfuric Acid, U.S. Pat. No. 4,650,826, issued Mar. 17, 1987
11 Greff, et al., Cyanoacrylate Compositions Comprising an Antimicrobial Agent, U.S. Pat. No. 5,684,042 on Nov. 4, 1997.
12 Greff, et al., Prepolymer Compositions Comprising an Antimicrobial Agent, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/963,236 filed on Nov. 3, 1997
13 Suzuki, et al., Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Phase Material-Dye Composition and Venipuncture Method Employing the Composition, U.S. Pat. No. 4,015,591, issued Apr. 5, 1977
14 Suzuki, et al., Venipuncture Method, U.S. Pat. No. 4,175,543, issued Nov. 27, 1979
15 Goldberg, et al., Temperature Sensing Means and Methods, U.S. Pat. No. 3,533,399, issued Oct. 13, 1970
16 O'Sullivan, et al., High Viscosity Cyanoacrylate Adhesive Compositions, and Process for Their Preparation, U.S. Pat. No. 4,038,345, issued Jul. 26, 1977
17 Woodsmansee, Liquid Crystal Compositions, U.S. Pat. No. 3,441,513, issued Apr. 29, 1969
18 Fergason, et al., Thermal Imaging Devices Utilizing a Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Phase Material, U.S. Pat. No. 3,114,836, issued Dec. 17, 1963
19 Joyner, et al., Plasticized Monomeric Adhesive Compositions and Articles Prepared Therefrom, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,784,127, issued Mar. 5, 1957
20 Columbus, et al., Adhesive Cyanoacrylate Compositions with Reduced Adhesion to Skin, U.S. Pat. No. 4,444,933, issued Apr. 24, 1984
21 Lee, et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/962,868 “Kits Containing Cyanoacrylate Compositions Comprising an Antimicrobial Agent” filed Nov. 3, 1997
22 Askill, et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,514, for “Package for Cyanoacrylate Composition” filed Apr. 17, 1998
All of the above publications, patent applications and patents are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent application or patent was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety.
State of the Art
Conventional skin temperature monitors, such as adhesive strips with temperature sensitive panels, have been used to monitor human surface body temperatures. In particular, commercially available adhesive strips have an adhesive backing on one side of the strip and are placed, e.g., on the forehead of a human patient to monitor the presence of fever, instead of using a standard thermometer which can be awkward for infants and children. These strips are also helpful for use in patients who cannot effectively communicate with the care giver, such as comatose patients or patients recovering from surgery. The use of the monitoring strip is generally limited to a short one-time use, after which the strip is removed and disposed. Thus, the temporary nature of these strips requires that a new strip be applied each time that the temperature needs to be monitored.
The use of these strips is typically limited to areas of the skin which are generally flat and free of hair and, accordingly, are used for the most part in monitoring the skin temperature of the patient. There are, however, numerous situations where localized temperature differentials on adjacent skin surfaces are indicative of incipient disease conditions or other conditions. Such localized temperature differentials include “hot spots” on mammalian skin surface associated with, for example, incipient diabetic ulcer formation, incipient wound infection, etc. Further, such localized temperature differentials could be used with monitor “cold spots” such as those produced by skin grafts, tissue flaps, frost-bite, etc.
The evaluation of the presence and location of such skin surface “hot spots” is critical for early intervention against the incipient condition associated with the hot spot. Prior art strips are impractical for such an evaluation because of the limited environment where such strips can be used. For example, these strips cannot be used over scabs, wounds or other infected areas. Nor are these strips useful in veterinary medicine since they do not adhere well to the skin of animals such as horses, dogs and cats. Moreover, even if these strips were applied to the animal, any irritation caused to the animal by these strips would invariably cause the animal to remove the strip (e.g., by scratching). Accordingly, a temperature monitoring composition capable of placement over any mammalian skin surface in the presence or absence of hair would be particularly beneficial.
This invention contemplates that temperature monitoring components such as encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals are compatible with and can be included in cyanoacrylate ester prepolymer compositions which compositions can then be polymerized in situ on any contour of mammalian skin, in the presence or absence of hair, to provide an adhesive polymeric layer containing a temperature sensitive component which can monitor the underlying mammalian skin temperature.
Cholesteric liquid crystalline phase materials, also referred to as cholesteric liquid crystals (“liquid crystals”), have unusually high thermal sensitivity. These materials are a class of compounds that display cholesteric mesophase within certain temperature limits. The cholesteric mesophase is a state of matter intermediate in molecular ordering between a crystalline solid and an isotropic liquid. In general, the materials are colorless in their solid and isotropic liquid states, assuming the coloration of their background or of light-absorptive materials added thereto. When liquid crystals are in the cholesteric mesophase, and ordinary white light is directed at the material, the light is separated essentially into two components, one of which is transmitted and one of which is scattered or reflected. The scattered light gives the material an iridescent color, which depends upon the material, the temperature, and the angle of the incident light beam, i.e., the liquid crystals demonstrate color-temperature sensitivity when in the cholesteric phase. Minute changes, as small as 0.1° C., in skin temperatures are readily discerned by significant changes in color of the particular area under observation. Thus, a change in temperature results in a change in color that can be easily monitored.
The liquid crystals are typically provided in encapsulated form and the use of such encapsulated liquid crystals to monitor temperature is well-known in the art. For example, Goldberg, et al.
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apply compositions containing liquid crystals to skin that have previously been covered wit

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