Cutters – for shaping – With chip breaker – guide or deflector – Comprising concave surface in cutting face of tool
Patent
1993-12-28
1996-06-11
Howell, Daniel W.
Cutters, for shaping
With chip breaker, guide or deflector
Comprising concave surface in cutting face of tool
B23B 2722
Patent
active
055250165
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a national phase of PCT/DE 92/00410 filed 14 May 1992 and based in turn, upon German national application P 41 18 068.8 filed 1 Jun. 1991 under the International Convention.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a polygonal or circular cutting insert for chip-forming machining, which is provided at its rake faces with a plurality of raised chip-forming elements with upwardly decreasing cross sections and which are arranged in rows at a distance from the cutting edges.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Such cutting inserts are known for instance from DE-A 22 31 631, DE-B 23 09 443 and the DE 31 48 535 C2.
DE-A 22 31 631 describes a cutting tool with chip breaker, with a cutting blade attached to the basic chip-breaker body and with a groove running parallel and next to the cutting blade, wherein at least one projection shaped like a truncated cone is provided at a point located close to the nose-like part of the basic chip-breaker body.
According to DE-B 23 09 443, in the chip-breaker groove a plurality of chip-breaking projections is provided, consisting of sphere segments arranged at intervals.
However, due to the arrangement of the chip-forming elements and the geometry of the chip-breaking groove, the mentioned cutting insert can be used only within a limited range of different cutting conditions, such as different cutting depths, advance speeds, and materials. In order to increase the range of use of the cutting insert and to improve the formation and removal of the chips, DE 31 48 535 C2 has proposed to give the chip-forming elements the basic shape of a truncated pyramid, with an essentially triangular base surface, whereby at any time one of the lines defining the base surface is oriented in the direction of the neighboring cutting edge, either parallel thereto or in a curved line.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to further improve a cutting insert, so that the chip control in the area of the cutting edge is enhanced.
Another object is to provide a new geometry of the chip-forming elements so that the friction between the removed chip and the rake face is reduced as much as possible, in order to avoid undesirable heating of the cutting insert while in use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These objects are attained in a polygonal cutting insert whose raised chip-forming elements are designed as longitudinal ribs, with longitudinal axes are substantially perpendicular to the cutting edge or at an acute angle to a plane normal to the cutting edge, and of which at least one of the groups of longitudinal ribs consisting of every other longitudinal rib are mutually parallel.
From U.S. Pat. No. 4,710,069 a cutting element is known with a clearance face, as well as a rake face with a chamfer and a thereto subsequent curved chip-forming surface, wherein a number of depressions arranged along each other and separated within the cutting edge are provided, in order to bridge the borderline between the chamfer and the subsequent curved rake face, whereby segments of the rake face are formed between the depressions at the height of the cutting edge, but in the depression areas deposits of chipped away material can form, which would finally lead to a metallic friction with the chip. This in turn increases the heating of the cutting insert, leading to increased wear.
While according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,710,069 the depressions extend longitudinally in a perpendicular direction-with respect to the cutting edge, EP 0 404 744 A2 proposes to arrange the depressions so that they extend longitudinally in a direction set at an angle between 5.degree. and 45.degree. with respect to a line perpendicular to the cutting edge. Usually the chip flow angle has a value between 5.degree. to 125.degree.. But even this measure can not prevent the gradual clogging of the depressions during the machining process, so that the respective rake face is "flattened" with increased use.
The present invention completely turns away from the pr
REFERENCES:
patent: 4629371 (1986-12-01), Maeda
patent: 4629372 (1986-12-01), Huston
patent: 4710069 (1987-12-01), Loquist
patent: 4934879 (1990-06-01), van Barneveld
patent: 5046899 (1991-09-01), Nishi
Coromant "Metallwerkzeug-Production" vol. 4, 1987.
Paya Jose A.
Reiter Norbert
Dubno Herbert
Hansen Kenneth J.
Howell Daniel W.
Kateshov Yuri
Widia GmbH
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