Cutters – for shaping – Including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges – With integral chip breaker – guide or deflector
Patent
1995-05-11
1998-01-20
Howell, Daniel W.
Cutters, for shaping
Including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
With integral chip breaker, guide or deflector
407115, 407116, B23B 2722
Patent
active
057095094
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is the US national phase of PCT application PCT/DE93/01109 filed 18 Nov. 1993 with a claim to the priority of German application G 92 15 855.2 filed 21 Nov. 1992.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates a cutting insert for material-removing machining, in particular drilling, with at least one cutting edge, a land offset therefrom toward the center of the surface of the cutting insert, a chip-forming groove extending full length parallel to the cutting edge, and along and parallel to the cutting edge separate chip-forming elements.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Such cutting inserts are known for example from German 2,231,631. This publication also describes how premature breaking of the chips to form short chips is effected by a concave groove or grooves which are each formed arcuately or as semicircles seen in cross section. Above all the idea of a double groove is rejected as disadvantageous. For better chip breaking at least one projection is provided near the corner in a single groove.
German 2,515,686 describes a cutting tool where extending from the land is a descending flank which if necessary can also be part of a chip-breaking groove, rectangular or triangular shaped recesses being provided in the descending flank and extending to the region of the land. Raised part-spherical or frustoconical chip-forming elements with different basic shapes are also seen in U.S. Pat. No. 4,214,845, the chip-forming elements each being raised relative to the cutting edge and extending past them. Frustoconical chip-forming elements with generally triangular bases are seen in German 3,148,535, each being aligned to the base-surface limiting line of the chip-forming element in the direction of the adjacent cutting edge.
European 0,208,668 describes a cutting insert with recesses that are arranged at least partially in the curved chip-breaking surface (chip-breaking groove) and that extend beyond the chip-breaking groove into the region of the adjacent land. In a corresponding way for example European 0,168,555 or 0,222,317 describe cutting inserts with raised centers where semicircular projections extend from these raised centers toward and beyond the cutting edge. Oppositely the raised middle part (plateau) is provided on its rising flank with cutouts as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,880,338.
All the above-discussed embodiments are supposed to improve chip breaking. The chip breaking basically relies on deforming the passing chip until it breaks. Chips that are of greater cross section are easier to break than skinny chips, and the chip thickness is above all dependent on the workpiece being machined or its composition. Further influence over chip breaking can be had via the curvature of the surface over which the chip passes. As the radius of the chip-breaking groove gets smaller the chip is more radically bent. The disadvantage of this is that the machining force and the load on the indexable cutting plate is increased. The additional forces from chip breaking lead to undesired vibrations in the machining process.
A further substantial possibility for influencing the chip is by imparting a crease to the chip cross section, either by bumps in the form of partial spheres, ribs, or the like or in the form of corrugations.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to improve on the already described cutting insert so that the surface topography of the cutting surface is set up for different cutting circumstances and different workpieces, and in particular the shape should facilitate faster feed as well as a long tool service life.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A cutting insert for material-removing machining has a cutting surface formed with at least one transversely extending cutting edge, a transversely extending groove formation, a transversely extending land surface, and a row of transversely spaced outer chip-forming elements. The groove formation, which can be formed by two parallel grooves, extends along and generally the
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von Haas Rainer
Wegener Manfred
Dubno Herbert
Howell Daniel W.
Tsai Henry W. H.
Widia GmbH
Wilford Andrew
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