Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – Cooperating comminuting surfaces
Patent
1987-04-23
1988-09-27
Rosenbaum, Mark
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
Cooperating comminuting surfaces
241294, B02C 430, B02C 1818
Patent
active
047736054
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a cutting grinder preferably for grinding organic material such as dead beasts, offal and the like and comprising a rotatable drum which on its circumference is provided with a number of protruding cutters spaced at given intervals and where there are provided stationary grate fingers extending into the space between the cutters.
Grinders of this kind are used for grinding and cumminuting dead beasts, animals which have been condemned by veterinary inspectors, offal from bacon factories and cattle slaughterhouses consisting of bones and bowels from the slaughtered animals etc. The organic material is placed on top of the rotating drum and parts of the material are carried along by the rotation, and by the passsage of the cutters between the grate fingers the material will be comminuted and be discharged through the bottom of the grinder. Grinders of this kind are also used for grinding and comminuting other organic and inorganic materials.
The purpose of grinding the organic or inorganic material may for example be to change the particle size of the material with a view to obtaining advantages by the subsequent processing of the material in connection with the utilisation of the components of the material or in connection with storing.
Conventional grinders are provided with cutters which either form an integral part of the drum or are secured to drum or shaft by welding or are secured by bolts to the drum or form part of a drum segment which is secured to a shaft by tongue and groove or form part of a drum segment having a polygonal hole and which is secured to a co-operating polygonal shaft.
In operation one or more cutters may break just as the cutters will become worn after some time depending on the type of material and the load.
When such cutters are to be replaced, the old cutter will have to be removed and a replacement cutter mounted or welded. Removal of the old cutters requires a considerable work performance in that the parts are usually deformed and damaged by wear and impacts. Also the mounting of replacement cutters usually requires a considerable work performance with regard to adaptation and strict observation of tolerances in connection with the placing of the cutters on the drum or shaft.
In cases where the securing of cutters takes place by welding, there is moreover a risk of crack formation around the weld arising from socalled hydrogen cracks and/or thermal strains in the cutters and/or the parent material with the resulting risk of breaks when the cutter is loaded in operation.
It is the object of the invention to remedy these difficulties in repairing the known cutting grinders and this is achieved when the cutters have the shape of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped which can be partly inserted into co-operating box-shaped sockets in the drum and where each cutter is provided with expansion means for jamming against the sides of the socket.
A drum of this kind with cutters of rectangular steel plate and with expansion means built into the cutter will permit considerable simpler and easier repair since the removal of the cutter from the drum by relieving the expansion can be effected without welding. The expansion may be relieved by simple means and a cutter may be released from the drum and a new one inserted in a similar manner. Since the cutters have been inserted into a socket abutting closely on the four sides and bottom of the cutter, all stresses of the cutter are transmitted to the surrounding drum material so that the expansion means will just have to ensure that the cutter does not fall out when in operation. Relatively little retaining power is required for this purpose and therefore the expansion means may be designed simple and small. At the same time operation of these means becomes easier since they are not exposed to any heavy loads. Finally, if worn down, a cutter which is symmetrical about its centre line may easily be removed and turned 180.degree. thus producing a new cutter edge. In this manner a cutter may last twice as long in
REFERENCES:
patent: 1756986 (1930-05-01), Miller
patent: 2652749 (1953-09-01), Hagmeister
patent: 2989295 (1961-06-01), Prox
patent: 3390839 (1968-07-01), Smith
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