Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes – Mechanical shaping or molding to form or reform shaped article – To produce composite – plural part or multilayered article
Patent
1989-01-04
1991-07-16
Murtagh, John E.
Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
Mechanical shaping or molding to form or reform shaped article
To produce composite, plural part or multilayered article
264263, 264273, E04C 226, E04C 246, E04B 288, B28B 2300
Patent
active
050323407
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a metal stud frame type curtain wall or building panel in which a metal frame is secured to the rear face of a thin concrete panel with flexible anchors, and to a method for manufacturing the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE ART
Steel stud frame type curtain walls have been conventionally known to comprise a thin, large, exterior curtain wall, this type of curtain wall being constituted in such a manner that a steel frame is secured to the rear face of a GRC (Glass-Fiber Reinforce Concrete) panel with flexible anchors. The type of curtain wall has been widely used, particularly in the U.S.A., and has achieved much success.
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the overall shape of the same. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 represents a GRC panel, reference numeral 2 represents a steel stud frame, and reference numeral 3 represents flexible anchors. The characteristics of a steel stud frame type curtain wall lies in its structure so constituted that the rear face of the GRC panel 1 with a thickness on the order of 12 mm is reinforced by the steel stud frame 2, the GRC panel 1 being assumed to be similar to the surface plate of a metal curtain wall. The GRC panel 1 having a standard size surface area of 2230.times.5200 mm and the steel stud frame 2 are connected by the flexible anchors 3 which are disposed at intervals of 50 to 60 cm (FIG. 1 is used to illustrate the overall structure; therefore, the dimensions, shapes and details shown in the figure are different from those of a standard size GRC panel). The design concept of the flexible anchors 3 lies in the fact that any changes in the dimensions of the GRC panel 1 should not be restricted by the steel stud frame 2. If the GRC panel 1 is distorted by wind pressure or is thermally deformed, the flexible anchors 3 serve to absorb these changes. Therefore, it is important for the overall structure that the proof stress and reliability of the flexible anchors 3 are guaranteed.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The steel stud frame type curtain walls of the type described above involve the following disadvantages:
1 As well known, GRC suffers from a problem of deterioration in strength.
2 Since GRC panels contract greatly when they dry out, tile finish is impractical. That is because the curtain walls may warp or undergo deflections due to the difference in dry shrinkage between the rear face of tiles and the surface of a GRC panel, which leads to generation of cracks and separation of the tiles. As a result, painting is substantially the only finish of the surface available, considerably reducing the estimation of the material for use in exterior finish.
3 Since GRC cannot be kneaded nor mixed when GRC panels are manufactured, it is necessary for the same to be formed in a mold to a predetermined thickness by alternately spraying glass fibers and concrete-mix. However, this processing (direct spraying method of four to five layers) described above inevitably suffers from reduced productivity, and a poor working environment. Furthermore, since this work is hand work, it requires skilled labor and poses a problem of maintaining precision.
4 When the flexible anchors and the GRC panel are connected, as shown in FIG. 2, an end portion 4 of each flexible anchor 3 which has been preformed in an L-shape, usually from a steel bar, is disposed along the reverse face of the GRC panel and then a padding portion 5 (bonding pad) of GRC is formed so as to cover the end portion 4. This jointing operation is conducted in such a state that the steel stud frame 2 and the flexible anchor 3 have been previously welded (reference numeral 6 represents the welded portion). Therefore the efficiency of forming of the bonding pad 5 is very poor and and it must be conducted manually. With this it is very difficult to obtain sufficient reliability in the strength of the joint.
5 When this type of curtain wall is used in exterior finish of multistory buildings, it will necessarily be subjected to very strong wind pressures. In order to ensure strength which with
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Akihama Shigeyuki
Fukumoto Toshiyuki
Kobayashi Mikio
Nakgawa Hiroaki
Suenaga Tatsuo
Kajima Corporation
Murtagh John E.
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