Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
Patent
1995-09-11
1998-02-24
Shah, Mukund J.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
540225, C07D50136
Patent
active
057213593
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a novel crystalline form of ceftiofur free acid, a process for preparing this crystalline form, and a sustained-release pharmaceutical composition containing this crystalline form.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many cephalosporin compounds, derivatives thereof, and processes for their preparation, are known. For example, the following are known: amorphous cefuroxime axetil, its crystalline sodium salt, its naphthyridine derivative and its sesquihydrate (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,820,833; 4,298,732; 4,442,101); crystalline sodium cephemcarboxylate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,692,519); crystalline cephem heptahydrate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,555,404); crystalline cephalosporin di- or tri-hydrate (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,812,561; 5,017,380; 4,933,443); cefadroxil monohydrate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,898,938); anhydrous crystalline ceftazidime and its pentahydrate (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,624,948; 4,616,080; EP 0 278 656); sodium amoxicillin pyrrolidone solvate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,318,852); cefazolin sodium monohydrate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,104,470); crystalline o-formylcefamandole (U.S. Pat. No. 4,006,138); salts of 3-acetoxymethyl-7-(iminoacetamido)-cephalosporanic acid derivatives, which may be either crystalline or amorphous (U.S. Pat. No. 5,103,012); crystalline monohydrate of -carboxylic acid (U.S. Pat. No. 4,504,657); crystalline hydrochloride salt of -4-carboxylic acid (U.S. Pat. No. 4,400,503); crystalline cephem acid addition salts (Canadian Patent Application 2,018,794); crystalline (pivaloyloxy)methyl -1H-tetrazol-5-yl!thio!methyl!-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (Chemical Abstracts 97:38761q (1982)); crystalline cephalexin (Chemical Abstracts 84:184895j (1976); crystalline cephalexin monohydrate (U.S. Pat. No. 3,531,481); crystalline 7-(D-2-naphthylglycylamido)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid tetrahydrate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,474,780); the preparation of a specific crystalline cephalosporin compound by stirring and the addition of methanol and butylacetate (Chemical Abstracts 110:212490z (1989)); a method for producing pure crystalline antibiotics products, such as penicillin and cephalosporin, by treating with ethanol in one or two steps (U.S. Pat. No. 4,912,211).
From the large number of patents and literature references that is available on cephalosporin compounds, it appears that the occurrence of an anhydrous or nonsolvated, non-salt, crystalline form of a cephalosporin compound is rare. Most such crystalline forms tend to be salts, hydrates, solvates or other derivatives thereof.
The cephalosporin antibiotic onyl)thiomethyl!-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (also named of the formula I in the Formula Chart below, its alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and amine salts of the carboxylic acid group, and easily hydrolyzable ester groups thereof are described and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,464,367 (Labeeuw et al.). This cephalosporin free acid compound is now known by the generic name "ceftiofur." See also Merck Index, Eleventh Edition, 1948 (1989).
Ceftiofur Sodium is currently marketed by The Upjohn Company as NAXCEL.RTM. or EXCENEL.RTM. Sterile Solution to treat bovine respiratory disease (BRD). This product is administered intra-muscularly (IM) over a three to five day period using dally doses.
The free acid and cationic metal and amine salt and ester forms of this cephalosporin antibiotic are somewhat unstable chemically and are obtained as amorphous compounds which are difficult to purify, and are less desirable to work with in manufacturing pharmaceutical formulations containing them. This amorphous free acid and salts are difficult solids to isolate and handle in pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, which those in the pharmaceutical art would prefer to avoid.
However, it is not predictable how to make a specific crystalline form of a particular active drug compound. More specifically, it is not predictable how to make an anhydrous or nonsolvated, non-salt, crystalline form of a cephalosporin.
INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
U.S. Pat. No. 4,464,367 (Labeeuw et al.), as discussed above, discloses the preparation of the amorphous form of the
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Bergren Michael S.
Chao Robert S.
Dunn Michael J.
Hardee Gregory E.
Havens Jeffrey L.
Gammill Martha A.
Pharmacia & Upjohn Company
Shah Mukund J.
Sripada Pavanaram K.
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