Cryptography – Particular algorithmic function encoding
Patent
1998-04-30
2000-09-26
Barroon, Jr., Gilberto
Cryptography
Particular algorithmic function encoding
380 37, 380 43, 380265, 714756, 714784, H04L 906, H03M 1327
Patent
active
061251836
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
Encryption systems are widely used to ensure the privacy of information. They prevent the extraction of information by unauthorised parties.
Encryption systems have been in use in many different applications. Most famous is probably the war time use in military transmission. It all began with coded hand written messages transferred by a messenger and has developed to coded telecommunication signals carried by electrical means or through the air by radio waves. All such messages made unreadable to everyone without the knowledge of the cryptosystem to avoid that secret information falls into the hands of the enemy.
With the arrival of computers and digital signal communication there have risen a demand for encryption and privacy of the digital information. When digital information is stored there is a demand to that information may be interpreted only by some one with authorisation.
Most magnetic media have an expected lifetime of up to only a few years and for transmission there is virtually no lifetime of the transferred information itself. The data vanishes by itself.
The existing cryptosystems are specially designed for magnetic media and communications, and they do not take into account the optical media specifically, which is: encrypted data on a CD-ROM means that the data must remain safe as long as the CD-ROM is in use, i.e., for the life time of the CD-ROM which might extend to 100 years or more.
Several different type of cryptosystems have been developed in a variety of solutions. Most systems add redundant data, especially the algebraic codes. The encryption and decryption processes are in most systems time consuming due to the complex algorithms and calculations.
Symmetric or asymmetric coding algorithms can be employed for encryption. DES (data encryption standards) is an example for a symmetric algorithm. It employs identical key for coding and decoding.
Symmetric cryptosystems are particularly suitable when large data sets have to be stored or transmitted at a high rate.
In asymmetric cryptosystems such as RSA, different keys are employed for coding and decoding. These types of algorithms are time consuming and they depend on the key length employed.
By the introduction of CD ROM some ten years ago we have a storage and distribution medium, bringing a new perspective to handling of information. The CD ROM that began with the CD audio has during the last years taken a major part in the development of computer and information technology.
CD ROM technology is by the magnitude of the established system expected to last for many years. The area where it can be used is very wide. Due to its very low cost and ability to withstand rough handling, a CD ROM is very cost effective medium for both storing and physically transferring information. With the introduction of recordable CD compatible media and writers there will be a fast growing market and also a fast growing demand for efficient encrypting systems. Integrity of data stored or transferred will be more important.
By our invention we have made it possible to let information be stored on a CD with a not so far seen level of integrity.
The system is based on the standard algorithms used for error correction codes on a standard CD. The design and complexity of the error correction system makes it possible to use very small changes in the information, prior to writing on the disc, to make it work also as a very efficient encryption system.
The system permits such a large amount (close to unlimited) of individual keys to be defined, that it is possible to provide individual keys in large numbers at a low cost each.
BACKGROUND ART
There are two well known cryptosystems based on algebraic code, namely McEliece public-key cryptosystem and Rao-Nam Private-key cryptosystem. Both systems are basically developed to be used for communication networks. McEliece system is based on the existence of Guppa codes, and Rao-Nam system is based on block codes.
In the above two systems, the key can be changed at any time and whenever it is needed,
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patent: 4639548 (1987-01-01), Oshima et al.
patent: 5054066 (1991-10-01), Riek et al.
patent: 5220606 (1993-06-01), Greenberg
Heidari Babak
Jiawook Rizgar Nabi
Olsson Lennart
Barroon, Jr. Gilberto
Obducat AB
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