Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
Patent
1987-11-02
1989-01-24
Schofer, Joseph L.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Polymers from only ethylenic monomers or processes of...
526271, 52631842, 526932, C08F 100, C08F 3402
Patent
active
048002208
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to new crosslinked carboxylic copolymers usable as thickeners in aqueous media, and to their preparation.
Products capable of dissolving in water while swelling and capable of acting as thickeners find many applications in the textile, papermaking, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, oil, food processing or other industries. Among the products employed for this purpose, those most commonly employed are synthetic carboxylic polymers obtained from unsaturated carboxylic monomers. The carboxylic polymers may be homopolymers of an unsaturated and polymerizable carboxylic monomer such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, and the like, or copolymers of such monomers. The thickening action of these polymers is produced by a crosslinking operation employing, as crosslinking agents, various polyfunctional compounds described in many patents, in concentrations of 0.1 to 10%. Such carboxylic polymers are described, for example, in French Pat. Nos. 2,131,128 and 2,281,389, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,798,053, 2,985,625 and 2,958,679, British Pat. Nos. 80 0011 and 1,090,294, and Federal German Pat. Nos. 1,103,585, 1,138,225 and 2,017,451.
Other carboxylic polymers are also known, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,915,921 and 3,940,351, which are copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acid, of a crosslinking agent and of at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate ester in which the alkyl radical contains from 10 to 30 carbon atoms. U.S. Pat. No. 4,062,817 also discloses other carboxylic polymers of this kind, which are copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acid, of a crosslinking agent, of at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate ester in which the alkyl group contains 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and additionally of another alkyl acrylate or methacrylate ester in which the alkyl group contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
The carboxylic polymers described in all these patents are employed as thickeners in aqueous medium. They disperse or dissolve in water or in hydroalcoholic solvents, increasing the viscosity of the medium, the maximum increase in viscosity being reached after neutralization of the carboxylic groups with a base, such as aqueous ammonia, sodium hydroxide or an amine. Such properties are utilized in many applications. However, in some cases, carboxylic polymers are not wholly satisfactory, either in that the rheological properties are not sufficient, or in that the medium to be thickened contains dissolved salts, and this results in a considerable loss of the thickening properties of the carboxylic polymers, seen as a drop in the viscosity of the medium.
The objectives of the invention are to provide new crosslinked carboxylic copolymers giving improved rheological properties and having better resistance to dissolved salts, as well as a process for the preparation of these polymers.
More precisely, the invention relates to crosslinked carboxylic copolymers obtained by copolymerization of an unsaturated carboxylic monomer, a crosslinking agent and, optionally, an alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, which are characterized in that they are obtained by copolymerizing the following monomers in the indicated proportions by weight: a polyalkylene glycol having the general formula: ##STR1## in which R is H or CH.sub.3, inclusive, and formula ##STR2## in which R is H or CH.sub.3 and R.sub.2 is a linear or branched alkyl group containing 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and unsaturated monomers containing at least two vinyl end groups CH.sub.2 .dbd.C<.
The carboxylic copolymers of the present invention are polymers having molecular weights of more than about 1,000 up to several million, usually more than about 10,000 up to a million and more.
Monomers (a)
The unsaturated carboxylic monomers employed in the preparation of the polymers of the invention are olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids containing at least one activated carbon-carbon double bond and at least one carboxyl group.
These acids contain an olefinic double bond which polymerizes readily because of its presence in t
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Manufacture de Produits Chimiques Protex
Sarofim N.
Schofer Joseph L.
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