Cosmetic compositions with self-warming component

Details Cosmetic compositions with self-warming component Cosmetic compositions with self-warming component

2000-04-26

2001-09-11

Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Preparations characterized by special physical form

Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice

C424S400000, C424S070100, C424S078020, C424S078030, C514S844000, C514S873000, C514S886000, C514S887000, C514S946000, C514S947000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06287580

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention concerns cosmetic compositions in the form of strips, patches, skin liquids, creams, gels or pastes which can evolve heat when in contact with moisture.
2. The Related Art
Heat-producing cosmetic compositions produce a very pleasant sensation. These formulations are friendlier than the cold traditional products applied to the skin. Considerable prior technology is available for generating warmth.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,250,680 (Menkart et al.) reports the use of finely divided solid adsorbent materials which are capable of exothermically reacting with water. Illustrative of these materials are silica gel, activated alumina and synthetic zeolites. U.S. Pat. No. 4,626,550 (Hertzenberg) discloses similar heating systems with improved versions of zeolite based on the presence of potassium ions as replacement for some of the sodium ions. A still further elaboration is found in WO 93/08793 (Kemp et al.) reporting on other exothermic agents reactive with water. These include kaolin, Fuller's Earth, china clay and bentonite.
A common problem with the known art is the requirement for very high levels of water reactive solids. Without a significant concentration of those solids, temperature increase will be relatively small. There remains a need for cosmetic compatible systems achieving much higher heat output per gram of heating agent. High levels of solid heating agents have the further problem of thickening the compositions beyond ready flowability.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide cosmetic compositions adapted to be self warming which rely upon highly efficient heat generating systems.
Another object of the present invention is to provide cosmetic compositions adapted to be self warming wherein the heating agents are present at levels insufficient to prevent the product from easily flowing.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more readily apparent from consideration of the following summary and detailed discussion.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A self-warming cosmetic composition is provided which includes:
(i) from about 0.1 to about 99% by weight of a skin conditioning agent; and
(ii) from about 0.1 to about 95% by weight of a redox system based upon iron powder and a high surface area catalyst.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Now it has been found that highly efficient heating of cosmetic compositions can be achieved by use of iron redox systems. Generated heat can give an aesthetically pleasant sensation to the skin and can assist in delivery of skin conditioning agents to allow their more effective penetration by opening skin pores.
An essential element of the present invention thus is an iron redox system. Central to the system is iron powder. By the term iron powder is meant elemental iron, iron oxides and ferrous salts which can be oxidized to the ferric oxidation state, and combinations thereof. Oxygen is delivered to the system via an aqueous phase to allow mixing with the iron powder. The combination of iron and air is activated by a catalyst. Preferably the catalyst is a substance which increases surface area contact of the reactants. Most preferred is activated charcoal but other high surface area solids may also be useful. Alternative catalysts may be alumina, aluminosilicates, silica and a variety of clays. Although not vital to the reaction, water absorbents such as Vermiculite may be utilized as an inexpensive water reservoir. Vermiculite is an aluminum-iron magnesium silicate. In certain systems salts such as sodium chloride may be employed to further assist the reaction. Certain amounts of water can also be originally present to initiate the heating reaction. Access to air should be limited. Air (and aerated water) initiate the reaction. Cosmetic product dispensers are preferred which seal the product from the atmosphere during storage periods.
Amounts of the iron powder may range from about 0.1 to about 95%, preferably from about 2 to about 50%, more preferably from about 5 to about 30%, optimally from about 10 to about 20% by weight of the cosmetic composition. Amounts of catalyst may range from about 0.01 to about 30%, preferably from about 0.1 to about 10%, optimally from about 1 to about 5% by weight of the cosmetic composition. When present the Vermiculite or equivalent substance may be present from about 0.01 to about 30%, preferably from about 0.1 to about 10%, optimally from about 0.5 to about 3% by weight of the cosmetic composition. Salts when present in the composition may range from about 0.001 to about 15%, preferably from about 0.01 to about 10%, optimally from about 0.5 to about 8% by weight of the cosmetic composition. The weight ratio of iron powder to catalyst may range from about 1000:1 to about 1:1000, preferably from about 100:1 to about 1:1, optimally from about 10:1 to about 2:1.
A second important element is that of a skin conditioning agent. These agents may be selected from emollients, petrolatum, fatty acids, humectants, surfactants, keratolytic agents, retinoids, quaternary ammonium polymers, sunless tanning agents and mixtures thereof.
Collectively the skin conditioning agents will constitute from about 0.1 to about 99%, preferably from about 1 to about 80%, more preferably from about 5 to about 70%, optimally from about 10 to about 30% by weight of the cosmetic compositions.
Emollient materials may serve as skin conditioning agents. These may be in the form of silicone oils and carboxylic esters. Amounts of the emollients may range anywhere from about 0.1 to about 30%, preferably between about 1 and about 20% by weight.
Silicone oils may be divided into the volatile and non-volatile variety. The term “volatile” as used herein refers to those materials which have a measurable vapor pressure at ambient temperature. Volatile silicone oils are preferably chosen from cyclic or linear polydimethylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 9, preferably from 4 to 5, silicon atoms.
Linear volatile silicone materials generally have viscosities less than about 5 centistokes at 25° C. while cyclic materials typically have viscosities of less than about 10 centistokes.
Nonvolatile silicone oils useful as an emollient material include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes and polyether siloxane copolymers. The essentially non-volatile polyalkyl siloxanes useful herein include, for example, polydimethyl siloxanes with viscosities of from about 5 to about 100,000 centistokes at 25° C. Among the preferred non-volatile emollients useful in the present compositions are the polydimethyl siloxanes having viscosities from about 10 to about 400 centistokes at 25° C.
Among the ester emollients are:
(1) Alkenyl or alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include isoarachidyl neopentanoate, isononyl isonanonoate, oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyl oleate.
(2) Ether-esters such as fatty acid esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
(3) Polyhydric alcohol esters. Ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acid esters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol (200-6000) mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol 2000 monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters are satisfactory polyhydric alcohol esters.
(4) Wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate and arachidyl behenate.
(5) Sterols esters, of which cholesterol fatty acid esters are examples thereof.
Fatty acids having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms may also be used as skin conditioning agents for compositions of this invention. Illustrative of this category are pelargonic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, i

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