Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Extract – body fluid – or cellular material of undetermined...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-08
2001-04-17
Tate, Christopher R. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Extract, body fluid, or cellular material of undetermined...
C424S078020, C424S057000, C424S401000, C514S887000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06217913
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention concerns cosmetic compositions using natural extracts to ameliorate the skin irritating effects of surfactants.
2. The Related Art
Surfactants are known to remove skin protecting lipids. Through this process of removing the skin's protective oils, irritation and even erythema arise in the epidermis. Even the mildest surfactants have some negative irritating effects.
A classic approach to solving this problem is use of only the mildest surfactants. A complementary tactic is the avoidance of solvent vehicles which might enhance the harshness of any surfactant. Control of pH is another factor. Inclusion of additives effective as anti-irritant agents is yet another tactic. Anti-irritant agents are particularly well known in cosmetics incorporating retinoids and/or alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids.
For instance, U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,526 (Castro et al.) discloses the use of rosmarrinic acid (i.e. rosemary extract) as an anti-irritant to ameliorate the effects of alpha-hydroxy acids. Other similarly effective natural substances include silver birch extract, licorice extract and borage seed oil. None have been specifically indicated as effective against the destructive action of surfactants.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cosmetic composition formulated with a natural extract for ameliorating any harsh skin properties brought on by the presence of surfactants.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the irritant effects of surfactants in cosmetic compositions.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more readily apparent from consideration of the following summary and detailed description.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A cosmetic composition is provided which includes:
(i) from about 0.1 to about 35% by weight of a surfactant;
(ii) from about 0.00001 to about 3% of gorgonian extract;
(iii) from about 0.01 to about 30% of a crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomer; and
(iv) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to deliver the surfactant and extract.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Now it has been found that gorgonian extract in a crosslinked silicone elastomer base can improve the mildness of surfactant containing cosmetic compositions.
Gorgonian extract is available from the Lipo Chemical Company, Patterson, N.J. as a liquid extract of Sea Whip,
pseudopterogorgia elisabethae
, supplied as a 4% Sea Whip extact in butylene glycol. The Caribbean Sea Whip
pseudoptemgorgia elisabethae
has been reported in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 83, pp. 6238-6240 (September 1986) as containing pseudopterosins which are diterpene-pentose glycosides. The substances possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. U.S. Pat. No. 4,849,410 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,745,104, both to Jacobs et al., provide further disclosure on the Caribbean gorgonians, and especially pseudopterosin A noting the anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and analgesic activities of these materials.
Amounts of gorgonian extract for purposes of this invention will range from about 0.00001 to about 3%, preferably from about 0.0001 to about 1%, more preferably from about 0.001 to about 0.5%, optimally from about 0.01 to about 0.1% by weight.
Crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomers are a further element of the present invention. These will have an average number of molecular weight in excess of 2,000, preferably in excess of 1 million and optimally it will range from 10,000 to 20 million. The term “non-emulsifying” defines a siloxane from which polyoxyalkylene units are absent. Advantageously, the elastomers are formed from a divinyl compound, particularly a polymer with at least two free vinyl groups, reacting with Si-H linkages of a polysiloxane backbone such as a molecularly spherical MQ resin. Elastomer compositions are commercially available from Dow Coming Company under the product designation DC 9040 and from the General Electric Company under product designation General Electric Silicone 1229 with CTFA name of Cyclomethicone and Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Cross Polymer, delivered as 20-35% elastomer in a cyclomethicone carrier. Amounts of the elastomer may range from about 0.01 to about 30%, preferably from about 0.5 to about 10%, optimally from about 1 to about 5% by weight.
Surfactants will be a component of compositions according to the present invention. The surfactant may be one selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, amphoteric and zwitterionic actives as well as combinations thereof. Amounts of the surfactant may range from about 0.1 to about 35%, preferably from about 0.3 to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.3 to about 10%, optimally from about 0.5 to about 5% by weight.
Thus, as examples of anionic surfactants which can be used, by themselves or in mixtures, within the framework of the present invention, are the salts, in particular alkali metal (e.g. sodium and potassium), ammonium, alkanolammonium, and alkaline earth (e.g. magnesium and calcium) salts, of the following compounds: alkylsulphates, alkyl-ether-sulphates, alkylamido-ether-sulphates, monoglyceride-sulphates, alkylglycerylsulphonates, alkylsulphonates, alkylphosphates, alkylamidosulphonates, alkylarylsulphonates, alpha-olefin-sulphonates, alkylsulphosuccinates, alkyl-ether-sulpho-succinates, alkylamidosulphosuccinates, alkylsulphosuccinates, alkylsulphoacetates, alkyl-ether-phosphates, acylisethionates, and N-acylamino acids such as N-acylsarcosinates, N-acylglutamates and N-acyllaurates. Among other anionic surfactants generally referred to as soaps are the salts of oleic, ricinoleic, palmitic, myristic, lauric and stearic acids. It is also possible to use weakly anionic surfactants such as salts of acyllactylates.
Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants which may preferably be used in accordance with the present invention are secondary or tertiary aliphatic amine derivatives in which the aliphatic radical is a linear or branched chain containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and containing at least one water-solubilizing anionic group, for example, carboxylate, sulphonate, sulphate, phosphate or phosphonate. There may be mentioned alkylbetaines, alkyldimethylbetaines, alkylsulphobetaines, alkylamidoalkylbetaines, alkylamido-alkylsulphobetaines, and imidazoline derivatives such as amphocarboxyglycinate or amphocarboxypropionate derivatives.
Cosmetic compositions of the present invention may contain substantial levels of water, preferably as part of an emulsion. Amounts of water may range from about 10 to about 95%, preferably from about 25 to about 80%, optimally from about 35% to about 65% by weight. Emulsions may be of the oil-in-water, water-in-oil or duplex variety. Aqueous to oily phases may range in weight from about 10:1 to about 1:10, preferably from about 1:1 to about 2:1, optimally from about 1:1 to about 1.5:1.
Compositions of the invention may optionally contain a skin conditioning agent. The agents may be selected from humectants, exfoliants or emollients.
Humectants are polyhydric alcohols intended for moisturizing, reducing scaling and stimulating removal of built-up scale from the skin. Typical polyhydric alcohols include polyalkylene glycols and more preferably alkylene polyols and their derivatives. Illustrative are propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerin, propoxylated glycerin and mixtures thereof. Most preferably the humectant is glycerin. Amounts of humectant may range anywhere from about 1 to about 50%, preferably from about 10 to about 40%, optimally from about 25 to about 35% by weight.
Exfoliants according to the present invention may be selected from alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids, beta-hydroxycarboxylic acids and salts of these acids. Most preferred are glycolic, lactic and salicylic adds and their ammonium or alkali metal salts. Amounts may range from about 0.01 to about 15%, pr
Honig Milton L.
Tate Christopher R.
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