Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
2000-06-29
2002-08-13
Moezie, Minna (Department: 1619)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C514S458000, C514S474000, C514S557000, C514S561000, C514S725000, C514S846000, C514S847000, C514S938000, C514S944000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06432424
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition comprising (i) a compound selected from the group consisting of creatine, carnitine, and pyruvic acid, and a cosmetically acceptable salt or ester thereof, (ii) a nutrient, and (iii) a skin-conditioning agent.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Carnitine is an amino acid that is synthesized endogenously in the liver from its amino acid precursors lysine and methionine. This water soluble amino acid is found in highest concentrations in the adrenal glands, skeletal, and cardiac muscle, and smaller concentrations are found in the kidneys and brain. This distribution of carnitine in the body reflects the utilization of fatty acids by the tissues as a source of energy. Carnitine functions as a biocatalyst to carry long and medium length chain fatty acids across the cell wall and into the mitochondria where fats are metabolized for energy production. The absence of proper levels of carnitine in the cells may result in poor metabolism of fatty acids which can cause buildup within the cell and its surroundings to eventually lead to elevated blood fat and triglyceride levels. During the last decade, carnitine has seen increase use for muscle efficiency since fatty acid oxidation within the mitochondria is the muscle's major source of energy. Carnitine is also used to improve fat metabolism and to reduce blood triglycerides. See, e.g., Bremer, J. “Carnitine, Metabolism and Functions” Physiology Review. 63:1420-1480 (1983); Opie, L. H. “Role of Carnitine in Fatty Acid Metabolism of Normal and Ischemic Myocardium”, Am. Heart Journal, 3:375-377 (1974); and Stryer, L. “Biochemistry”, 3
rd
ed., (1988, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).
Creatine is synthesized in the liver and is supplemented by a diet of meat and fish. Ninety-five percent of the body's creatine supply is found in the skeletal muscles. Creatine, which is converted into creatine phosphate within cells, increases the availability of energy to the cell in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cells rely on energy produced in the Krebs cycle from the dephosphorylation of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Creatine phosphate can then donate a phosphate group to ADP, recreating ATP and, thus, extending the energy generating biochemical pathways within cells. See, e.g. Balsom, P. D., et al. “Creatine in humans with special reference to creatine supplementation”, Sports-Med., 18(4):268-280 (1994) and Stryer, L. “Biochemistry”, 3
rd
ed., 1988, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.
Pyruvate, the key glycolytic intermediate of all mammalian cells, is created during the metabolism of carbohydrates and protein. In addition to being formed in the body, pyruvate is present in foods including red apples, cheese, and red wine. The oxidation of pyruvate in the Krebs cycle provides cells with the bulk of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) used to maintain homeostasis. In cells with high energy charge, coenzyme A (CoA) is acylated as acetyl-CoA which activates pyruvate carboxylase, directing pyruvate toward gluconeogenesis. However, when energy is low in the cell, CoA is not acylated and pyruvate is preferentially oxidized via pyruvate dehydrogenase to CO
2
and H
2
O. Through its role as an energy source, pyruvate has been suggested to aid weight loss efforts and exercise endurance. See, e.g., Stanko, R. T., Tietze, D. L., and Arch, J. E. “Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a 4.25-MJ/d low-energy diet supplemented with pyruvate,” Am J Clin Nutr, 56(4), 630-635 (1992) and Stryer, L. “Biochemistry”, 3
rd
ed. (1988, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition comprising (i) a compound selected from the group consisting of creatine, carnitine, and pyruvic acid, and a cosmetically acceptable salt or ester thereof, (ii) a nutrient, and (iii) a skin-conditioning agent selected from the group consisting of an emollient and a humectant.
In one embodiment, the invention features a topical cosmetic composition comprising (i) a compound selected from the group consisting of creatine, carnitine, and pyruvic acid, and a cosmetically acceptable salt or ester thereof, (ii) a nutrient, (iii) a skin-conditioning agent selected from the group consisting of an emollient and a humectant, and (iv) a cosmetically-acceptable topical carrier.
In one embodiment, the invention also features methods of topically administering such compositions. The compositions of the present invention can enhance the uptake of oxygen, water, and nutrients into the skin (e.g., skin cells), enhance skin cell metabolism, reduce the loss of skin firmness and elasticity, and/or have a reduced incidence of eye irritation.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the invention and from the claims
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is believed that one skilled in the art can, based upon the description herein, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following specific embodiments are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Also, all publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to cosmetic composition. In one embodiment, the composition comprises mineral water. What is meant by mineral water is water having mineralization (i.e., the sum of the concentrations of anions and cations present in the water) of at least about 200 mg/L (e.g., at least about 300 mg/L such from about 400 mg/L to 1000 mg/L). In one embodiment, the mineral water comprises at least about 10 mg/L, e.g., at least about 20 mg/L, of calcium and at least about 5 mg/L, e.g., at least about 10 mg/L, of magnesium. Examples of such anions and cations include, but are not limited to, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonates, sulfates, potassium, sodium, chlorides, nitrates, phosphates, lithium, manganese, sulfites, fluoride, and iodide.
The mineral water may be a naturally mineralized water, e.g., a mineral water suitable for consumption, or a thermal spring water, which is often not consumable. Examples of mineral water include, but are not limited to, eau d'Evian (Evian Eau Minerale Naturelle or Evian® Natural Spring Water and referred herein as Evian® Mineral Water), eau Volvic, and eaux de Vittel (e.g., Grande Spring or Hepar Spring). Examples of thermal spring waters include eau de la Bourboule, eau d'Enghien-les-bains, eau d'Allevard-les-bains, eau de Digne, eau des Maizieres, eau de Nyrac-les-bains, eau de Lons le Saunier, Eaux Bonnes, eau de Rochefort, eau de Saint Christau, eau des Fumades, eau de Tereau de Vittel, eaux du bassin de Vichy, eau d'Uriage, eau d'Avene, and eau de la Roche Posay.
In one embodiment, the mineral water comprises (a) from about 30 mg/L to about 150 mg/L of calcium; (b) from about 10 mg/L to about 50 mg/L of magnesium; (c) from about 150 mg/L to about 700 mg/L of bicarbonates; (d) from about 0.1 mg/L to about 5 mg/L of potassium; (e) from about 1 to about 20 mg/L of sulfates; (f) from about 1 to about 10 mg/L of sodium; (g) from about 1 mg/L to about 10 mg/L of chlorides; and (h) from about 1 mg/L to about 10 mg/L of nitrates.
In one embodiment, the mineral water is Evian® Mineral Water that comprises: (a) about 78 mg/L of calcium; (b) about 24 mg/L of magnesium; (c) about 357 mg/L of bicarbonates; (d) about 1 mg/L of potassium; (e) about 10 mg/L of sulfates; (f) about 5 mg/L of sodium; (9) about 4 mg/L of chlorides; and (h) from about 1 to about 4 mg/L nitrates.
The compositions of the present invention comprise one or more of the following compounds: creatine, carnitine, or pyruvic acid, or a cosmetically acceptable salt or ester thereof. What is meant by
Kaminski Claudia K.
Martin Katharine M.
Shapiro Stanley S.
Shaya Steven A.
Berman Alysia
Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies Inc.
McGowen William E.
Moezie Minna
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